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Focus： The real estate market is gradually stabilizing and commercial real estate investment is active.

Image source/Xinhua News Agency
■ China Economic Times reporter Zhou xuesong
Recently, Ni Hong, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Rerublic of China publicly stated that this year’s real estate market is generally high, low and stable. As for the next policy direction, Ni Hong said that the real estate market has its particularity, and the transaction volume and price of each city are very different. Regarding real estate regulation and control, it emphasizes the policy of the city, the precise policy, and one city and one policy.
Experts interviewed by China Economic Times said that the incremental real estate market has peaked, but the real estate stock market is huge, especially the huge scale of urban renewal, which is expected to drive the real estate market to usher in the "second spring".
Real estate is expected to usher in the "second spring"
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Ni Hong said that from the data, policies and measures such as "recognizing the house but not the loan" and "reducing the down payment ratio and interest rate" have played a positive role. From January to October, although the transaction volume of first-hand houses decreased, the second-hand houses increased. First, the second-hand houses together achieved positive growth year-on-year. In addition, the solid progress of the work of ensuring the delivery of buildings has led to a year-on-year increase of nearly 20% in the completed housing area in the country, which also reflects that it is effective for local governments to help enterprises bail out.
Chen Gui, executive president of Beijing Real Estate Society and founder of Wharf Think Tank, said in an interview with China Economic Times that with the real estate market entering the stock age, some old houses built in the past can no longer meet people’s needs for a better life, and large-scale urban renewal is expected to promote the "second spring" of the real estate market.
At the same time, rigid demand and improvement demand are still huge. However, due to limited income, the current real estate market demand has not been well met, and the price is in the exploratory stage. As long as the economy recovers and the price adjustment is in place, demand will break out again.
For the overall judgment of the next real estate market trend, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development believes that at present, China’s real estate market is in a transitional period, and the future sustainable development still has solid support. Under the new model, real estate enterprises should have a clear understanding. What they want now is high quality, new technology and good service. Whoever can build a good house for the masses and provide good service for the masses will have a market and development.
Ni Hong said that the development model that used to pursue speed and quantity in solving the "whether there is" period can no longer meet the new requirements of solving the "whether it is good" problem and high-quality development stage, and it is urgent to build a new development model. In terms of system and mechanism, on the one hand, it is to establish a new mechanism for the linkage of "people, housing, land and money", starting with the scientific allocation of factor resources, and setting housing by people, land and money by housing to prevent market ups and downs; On the other hand, it is necessary to establish a life-cycle management mechanism of houses from development and construction to maintenance and use, including reform and development methods, financing methods and sales methods, and establish systems such as house physical examination, house pension and home insurance. In terms of implementation, it is necessary to implement the "three major projects" of planning and building affordable housing, transforming villages in cities and building public infrastructure for both peacetime and emergency use.
In an interview with China Economic Times, a medium-sized real estate developer said that in the past, financial support for real estate development mainly supported large-scale real estate enterprises, and small and medium-sized real estate enterprises did not support them enough or even received attention. However, recently, the housing enterprises that have problems are basically large-scale real estate enterprises, and financial institutions must have mortgages for the financing requirements of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises. On the contrary, many small and medium-sized real estate enterprises are living relatively well now, which is worth pondering. The reform of the future real estate development model must start from the financial field.
Commercial real estate investment is more active.
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From the horizontal comparison, the current real estate market in China is still remarkable. According to the latest capital tracking data of Jones Lang LaSalle, the total investment in commercial real estate in the Asia-Pacific region in the third quarter of 2023 was US$ 21.3 billion, down 22% year-on-year, and China Mainland became the most active market in the Asia-Pacific region.
Pang Shudong, head of investment and capital market department of Jones Lang LaSalle in China, told reporters: "The real estate industry in China has gone through many cycles, whether it is a strong cycle or a weak cycle. In the long run, investors still hold a positive attitude towards the real estate market in China. We have seen that investors have seized special opportunities and made significant progress in strategic acquisitions. These acquisitions will bring rich returns to them in the future. "
The data shows that in the third quarter of 2023, the total investment in the Hong Kong market reached 800 million US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 15%. The Japanese market recorded an investment of US$ 4.1 billion, a year-on-year increase of 3%. Investment in Australia reached US$ 3.8 billion, down 47% year-on-year. Singapore’s total investment in the third quarter was $2 billion, down 11%. Mainland China has become the most active market in the Asia-Pacific region, with a total transaction volume of US$ 4.7 billion, an increase of 43% over the same period last year.
Pang Shudong told reporters that the investment activity in China’s mainland market rebounded after the second quarter of this year, mainly due to the strong acquisition actions of domestic buyers, including capital from domestic insurance, government platforms and financial institutions. Generally speaking, Jones Lang LaSalle maintains confidence in the resilience and long-term attractiveness of commercial real estate in the Asia-Pacific region.
Looking forward to 2024, Fitch Ratings predicts that the business environment of Chinese-funded housing enterprises will still be full of challenges in 2024, but with the help of government support policies, the sales of high-tier cities should gradually stabilize, thus laying the foundation for the long-term recovery of the market. Fitch predicts that the contracted sales will drop by 0%-5% in 2024, which means that the revenue will reach 10 trillion -10.5 trillion RMB.
Jin Tailun, senior director of corporate rating of Fitch Ratings Limited, told China Economic Times that the differentiation pattern of China’s real estate industry will continue: the sales of economically developed regions and cities will stabilize in the next 12 months, while the road for low-tier cities to absorb unsold housing stock is still long. Fitch believes that although the government’s measures aimed at improving the financing channels of private housing enterprises are intensively introduced, the dominant position of state-owned housing enterprises will be further expanded in 2024.
In addition, Fitch expects that the government will continue to work to curb the downward pressure on the real estate market and affect the stability of the system, and will issue follow-up measures to avoid negative interference to the market due to the backlog of unfinished real estate projects and large fluctuations in housing prices.
The copyright of this WeChat official account belongs to China Economic Times. If you reprint or quote the contents of this article, you must obtain permission, and indicate that it was transferred from China Economic Times.
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Skiing wild snow, building a snow field, and skiing on the grassland are the ＂number one players＂

half past two
Xinhua News Agency, Hohhot, January 19th (Reporter Ren Junchuan, Peng Yuan, Fei Maohua) In winter, the Hulunbeier grassland was covered with heavy snow. At the intersection of grassland and forest, in the Balitu forest farm, more than 100 kilometers away from Xinbaerhu Zuoqi, a 39-year-old Mongolian youth, Buhe Bajard, slowly walked to the top of the mountain with his skis on his back. More than a foot thick of snow makes a "crunch, crunch" sound under your feet, leaving a series of deep footprints where you step.
On January 14th, Buch Bajard was practicing his skiing skills. Xinhua News Agency reporter Fei Maohua photo
Buhe Bajard lives in Xinbaerhu Zuoqi, Hulunbeier City, Inner Mongolia, and works in the local emergency management comprehensive administrative law enforcement brigade. In winter, all kinds of disasters rarely occur on the grassland, and the working hours are relatively "loose". Baritu Forest Farm is a sports paradise for him to enjoy weekends in winter. Although it is difficult to walk in the snow, when he put on his skis and whizzed through the sparse Woods, the speed and passion brought by the movement made his whole blood boil, like a fire, cutting a hole in the cold air around him. Being able to ride freely in the natural snow field makes this "number one player" of grassland skiing feel extremely comfortable. Since he liked skiing, he has come here every snow season and weekends when he has nothing to do.
Five years ago, when Buhe Bajard first saw someone who could control a single board to slide freely in a ski resort, his cool action fascinated him. Xinbaerhu Zuoqi is located in a remote place, which is more than 180 kilometers away from the nearest Aershan Ski Resort. In order to practice skiing skills, he drives every weekend. The cost of skiing is relatively expensive. For economic reasons, he had to eat and live in the car during that time.
Buch Bajard walks in a gentle mountain forest (aerial photo taken by drone on January 15th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Peng Yuanshe
With the improvement of snowboarding skills, Buch Bajard has higher and higher demands on himself, and his desire to strengthen his training has become stronger and stronger. In 2020, he accidentally discovered an abandoned construction dump around the central town of Xinbaerhu Zuoqi, where there happened to be a short slope with moderate height, so he decided to build a snow trail on this basis. He borrowed a pickup truck from his cousin, collected the snow near the town, and then piled it on a short slope, paved it with shovels, built a small platform, and installed simple obstacles. He successfully transformed the short slope into a ski resort, which can be used to practice snowboarding slope obstacle skills.
On January 14th, Buch Bajard was tidying up the slopes of ski resorts. Xinhua News Agency reporter Peng Yuanshe
Paving this small venue is undoubtedly a pioneering work for Buhe Bajard, which almost made him realize "skiing freedom". Since then, skating for 2 hours at noon on weekdays and 6 hours on weekends has become the standard of his life. Because the snowboarding slope obstacle project requires high physical fitness, when the snow season does not come, Buhe Bajard will soak in the gym in his spare time to strengthen physical training; At the same time, I also played skateboarding and trained my skills.
This is Buch Bajard who took a break from training on January 14th. Xinhua News Agency reporter Peng Yuanshe
"Falling in love with skiing has made my life very regular. I am thinking about how to practice my next move every day after work." Buch Bajard said that even during the period when he was lying at home recovering from injury, all he could think about was the image of putting on skis and jumping in the air.
Buch Bajard likes to film his skiing scenes and post them on the Internet to communicate with people who love skiing. By chance, the staff of the Organizing Committee of X GAMES CHINA Ski Tour saw the video of him practicing skiing on the Internet and invited him to participate in the competition. "After receiving the invitation, I was so excited that I didn’t sleep for two nights. I think the persistence of these years has not been in vain." Buhe Bajard told reporters that he had been practicing skiing all these years alone, and many people around him didn’t understand and advised him to give up, but he just persisted because skiing brought him enrichment and happiness.
On January 15th, Buch Bajard was practicing his skiing skills. Xinhua News Agency reporter Fei Maohua photo
At Yabuli Station of 2021 X GAMES CHINA Ski Tour, Buhe Bajard got a good ranking and almost reached the final. He was greatly encouraged by his hard-won achievements, and the attitudes of people around him began to change quietly.
At the end of the interview, Buch Bajard recommended a film Eddie the Eagle to the reporter. The story is based on the true story of Michael Edwards, a famous platform skier in British history. The hero Eddie’s spirit of never giving up in the sports field and his extraordinary perseverance and optimism in the face of great difficulties and challenges deeply touched him, and he cried many times when he watched it late at night. He feels like Eddie to some extent, neither wants to give up easily, but wants to constantly challenge himself.
On January 15th, Buch Bajard prepared to ski in a natural ski resort. Xinhua News Agency reporter Fei Maohua photo
"In fact, skiing is not as dangerous as everyone thinks. Although my physical fitness is declining, I feel that as long as I keep training, I will be able to slide to 60 years old. Participating in the competition is not the real purpose of my skiing. I just want to let more people know about skiing through my own efforts and let the children on the grassland like skiing. " Buch Bajard said that he would put more energy into promoting skiing, which may be his real mission in life.
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Central Meteorological Observatory： There is still strong rainfall in Yunnan and other places, and there will be high temperature in parts of Huanghuai, North China.

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a weather bulletin. It is estimated that there will be moderate to heavy rain in the central and western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet from the night of the 14th to the 15th, with heavy rain in the local area and sleet or snow in high-altitude mountainous areas. Details are as follows:

　　1. Moderate rain or heavy rain occurred in parts of Guangdong, Hainan and other places

　　During the day, moderate rain or heavy rain occurred in parts of southern Yunnan, southwestern Guangdong and southeastern Hainan Island, and local rainstorms (50-71 mm) occurred in Wanning and Qiongzhong, Hainan.

　　Second, the key weather forecast

　　1. There is still strong rainfall in Yunnan and other places.

　　From the night of 14th to 15th, there was moderate to heavy rain in central and western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet, with heavy rain in the local area and sleet or snow in high-altitude mountainous areas. In addition, from the 16th to the 17th, there were moderate to heavy rains and local heavy rains in southern Jianghuai, southern Jianghan, most of the south of the Yangtze River and northern South China. There are small to moderate rains in the south of Northeast China and eastern North China, accompanied by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　2. There will be high temperature in parts of Huanghuai in North China.

　　From 15th to 17th, there was high temperature of 35℃ in southern Beijing, Tianjin, central and southern Hebei, central and western Henan, northern Shandong and other places, and the temperature in some parts of northern Shandong could reach above 37℃.

　　Third, the specific forecast for the next three days

　　From 20: 00 on May 14th to 20: 00 on May 15th,There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of southeastern Tibet, central and western Yunnan, and southwestern Sichuan. Among them, there are heavy rains (50-70 mm) in parts of southeastern Tibet and western Yunnan. There are 4 ~ 6 winds in parts of northeastern Inner Mongolia and Hexi in Gansu (see Figure 1).

Figure 1 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 14-20: 00 May 15)

　　From 20: 00 on May 15th to 20: 00 on May 16th,There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of eastern Jianghan, northern Jiangnan, southeastern Southwest and southern Tibet, among which there are heavy rains (50-70 mm) in parts of eastern and southern Hubei and northern Hunan. There are 4 ~ 5 winds in parts of southeastern and northwestern Inner Mongolia, southwestern Heilongjiang, northern Zhejiang and southeastern Yunnan (see Figure 2).

Figure 2 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 15-20: 00 May 16)

　　From 20: 00 on May 16th to 20: 00 on May 17th,There are moderate to heavy rains in the eastern and western parts of Northeast China, the eastern and western parts of Jianghuai, the northern and central parts of Jiangnan and southern Tibet, among which there are heavy rains (50-60 mm) in parts of southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and northern Zhejiang (see Figure 3).

Figure 3 National Precipitation Forecast Chart (20: 00 May 16-20: 00 May 17)

　　Fourth, the impact and concern

　　1. Pay attention to the strong precipitation in western Yunnan and southeastern Tibet on the 15th to prevent secondary disasters caused by local heavy precipitation;

　　2. Pay attention to the high temperature weather in North China, Huanghuai and other places from 15 to 17;

　　3.16-17 rainfall process and its influence in Jiangnan and South China;

　　4. Pay attention to the development trend of drought in Yunnan;

　　5. Spring ploughing and spring sowing meteorological service.

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Can I still drink tea after it has expired？ Maybe many people are wrong.

Uncle Liu has been obsessed with drinking tea for health recently. He always takes a pot of strong tea with him every time he goes out. Old friends think it is not good to drink too much tea, but he retorts fiercely every time.

"You don’t understand, how many articles and reports on the Internet say that drinking tea is good for your health, can open channels, can treat Alzheimer’s disease, and can improve many diseases."

However, he thought he was healthy, but in the latest physical examination, many values were not up to standard, and he even suffered from kidney disease and gastritis.

On the contrary, other friends’ reports are very healthy, which makes him puzzled. Why do you get so many diseases when you insist on drinking tea for health?

01

Fudan university research:

Can tea stimulate human meridians?

I believe everyone has heard of the rumor that tea can pass through meridians, but it has always been doubtful whether it is true or false. After all, even the meridians that Chinese medicine has always emphasized are an audible thing to many people, but they have never seen it before. Because it cannot be objectively presented, many people think it is pseudoscience.

However, a research team of Fudan University successfully displayed the meridians through imaging technology by drinking tea. What happened?

Searching the papers about the research team in the journal Quantitative Biology shows that the researchers observed the fever images of the subjects by using twelve kinds of tea, and found highly consistent meridian tropism results. Finally, the meridian model was successfully simulated by using infrared radiation images of human body through the stimulation of tea on specific meridians. Moreover, different kinds of tea will be classified into different meridians.

Systematic image source data map conforming to the traditional description of human meridians

However, there are still many controversies about the results in the industry, and the research has only carried out preliminary experiments, which can not completely confirm the effectiveness.

Some’ discussions’ by netizens have also made these doubts rampant. For example, whether the heat change path used in the experiment excludes other biochemical factors, the sample size is too small, and the variables such as tea temperature are not explained. Therefore, it is still doubtful whether drinking tea can open and stimulate people’s meridians.

02

Drinking some tea every day has so many benefits!

Although many rumors about drinking tea are hard to distinguish between true and false, what is certain is that the internationally recognized benefits of drinking tea are indeed beneficial to the health.

1. Reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The European Journal of Preventive Cardiology has published a research paper on the relationship between drinking tea and reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and all-cause death. According to the research, people who have tea drinking habits have higher health indicators, pointing out that drinking tea has a certain effect on reducing the rate of cardiovascular diseases.

Image from the network

2. Reduce the risk of diabetes.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition also published a study on the relationship between drinking tea and chronic diseases in China. According to the experimental data, the risk of type 2 diabetes, all-cause death and microvascular complications of people who drink green tea every day are reduced by 8%, 10% and 12% respectively. It shows that drinking tea is of great significance to prevent type 2 diabetes and the risk of all-cause death.

3, help to resist oxidation

This is because tea polyphenols in tea itself have antioxidant effect, and the antioxidant effect is 18 times higher than that of vitamin E.

4, refreshing, diuretic fatigue

Tea also contains caffeine, so some people will feel excited and can’t sleep after drinking tea. Therefore, drinking tea also has the effect of refreshing the brain. In addition, these substances will stimulate the kidneys and have the effect of diuresis. Caffeine can also eliminate excessive lactic acid in urine, so it also has the effect of relieving fatigue.

Although tea is good, we should also abide by the principle of moderation, otherwise excessive drinking of tea will also lead to caffeine poisoning or other adverse reactions. In addition, it needs to be emphasized that tea does not belong to the category of drugs, and it has no effect of curing all diseases. Therefore, if you feel unwell, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time.

03

Three misunderstandings about tea,

Don’t be fooled.

With the expansion of the demand for tea and the profit-seeking market, many "rumors" about tea have been heard all the time. How many misunderstandings do you believe?

1. Tea is full of pesticides.

There are rumors that non-organic teas are all grown up by spraying pesticides, and there are many pesticides left in the tea. However, in fact, the regulations on the use of food pesticides stipulated by the state are very strict. Generally, the tea that is listed in compliance has undergone strict sampling inspection and will not be "all pesticides".

2. You can’t drink tea when it expires.

This actually depends on the situation, because after the tea is dried, if it is properly preserved, even if it exceeds the shelf life, it can actually continue to drink, with little impact. If the tea leaves get wet, deteriorate, change color obviously, and smell, you should never continue drinking even if the shelf life has not expired.

3. Green tea is cold and black tea is warm

In fact, green tea and black tea are the same kind of fresh tea. As a result of different production processes, the general factory will make the fresh leaves fail by oxidation at high temperature, so as to prevent "tea polyphenols from discoloring", that is, "deactivating enzymes" in jargon, while black tea is the opposite, so that tea polyphenols can be fully oxidized and discolored, thus obtaining the flavor of black tea. As for which "warm" and "cold" is actually just a statement of packaging needs.

04

How to drink tea is more beneficial to health?

In fact, there is a lot of knowledge in drinking tea. If you want to give full play to the greatest role of tea, you should be particular when drinking it!

1, the brewing temperature is appropriate.

Different teas also have different brewing temperatures. For example, green tea is suitable for brewing with water around 80℃, while black tea and oolong tea need boiling water to fully separate out their own flavor.

2. Let the tea cool before drinking.

Many people like to make tea with hot water and immediately pour it out "while it is hot", but hot tea is very harmful to esophageal health, and even increases the risk of esophageal cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer also recommends not to drink hot drinks over 65℃, so it is better to let the tea warm before drinking.

3. Drink more light tea and less strong tea.

The concentration of caffeine in strong tea is higher. If taken too much, it will lead to insomnia, and it will also increase the burden on the kidneys, stimulate the stomach and deepen the symptoms of anemia. It is suggested that the amount of tea leaves should be controlled within 12 grams per day. Generally, 3 grams of tea leaves are soaked in 150ml of water, and 3 cups a day is enough.

If you want to drink tea well, in addition to mastering the above best tea drinking methods, you should also pay attention to the taboos when drinking tea, such as not drinking tea on an empty stomach and not drinking tea after drinking, so as to drink healthy.

References:

[1] "Drinking more tea is not as good as drinking tea for health, so we should pay attention to seven taboos". People’s Daily Online .2016-03-09.

[2] "Drinking tea every day, what will happen to your body? Can lower blood pressure and blood sugar, and reduce the risk of death? China. 2023-07-03.

[3] "More and more studies have proved that drinking tea has so many benefits! Health Times. 2022-08-29.

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Documentary film ＂Kingdom Built on Ice＂ was warmly presented by the National Federation of Arts.

Harbin Ice and Snow World in December every year is an excellent place for people to appreciate the art of ice sculpture. The ice sculptures filled with ingenious ideas and elaborately built make people wonder, and also add icing on the cake to the winter beauty of the ice city. Who designed and made these ice sculptures? Where did so many ice cubes come from? In order to explore the story behind the exquisite art of ice sculpture, the documentary film "Building a Kingdom by Ice" went from "before" to "behind", and observed the moving parts of ice transportation and sculpture through the crystal clear of ice sculpture.
By the Propaganda Department of Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Propaganda Department of Harbin Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, Heilongjiang Radio and Television Bureau and Heilongjiang Film Studio Co., Ltd., Qi Binying took four years to shoot, and recorded the real work and life of tens of thousands of workers in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China. After the completion, the film has won many praises at home and abroad, and won the "Best Long Documentary Award" at the 2022 Los Angeles Independent Film Festival and the "Best Documentary Film Award" at the 19th China-US Film Festival in 2023. On December 18th, The Kingdom of Ice will be shown by the National Federation of Arts, and roadshows will be held in Changchun, Shenyang, Tianjin, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Kunming, Xi ‘an and Beijing, so that audiences from different regions can appreciate the charm of ice and snow.
Every documentary carries a certain social value, and the valuable thing about "Building a Kingdom by Ice" is that it sees "invisible pay". The gorgeous ice sculptures that attract people to come from everywhere and stop to enjoy them contain a lot of hard work behind them. The raw material of ice sculpture comes from Songhua River, the mother river of Harbin. The extremely low temperature has covered the river with thick ice. During the preparation of the ice sculpture, tens of thousands of workers gathered on Sun Island to collect a large amount of ice raw materials with their hands and simple tools. In just fifteen days, we have to prepare raw materials, transport, design and sculpt. Time is tight and the work is heavy, but everyone can always work together to complete the task. Most of these workers come from the surrounding areas. They farm in summer and work as "ice builders" in winter. They are busy day and night in cold weather, thus making a dream "ice kingdom" rise from the ground. The perseverance of these "ordinary people" and their simple desire to make life better have a subtle connection with exquisite ice sculptures. The beauty of ice sculpture is not only presented externally, but also adds deep meaning full of concern and imagination. "
Although the ice sculpture lasts only a few months every year, as a cultural card of a city, its condensed meaning can flow freely in the past and future, at home and abroad. Qi Binying’s hometown is Harbin. When she first saw the ice building scene, the colorful memories of her childhood instantly touched thousands of homesickness. As a unique civic culture, the ice sculpture, which was born in 1963, was built and enjoyed by ordinary people. People who were born and raised in Sri Lanka can relax and live poetically at the end of the year. In recent years, the design of ice sculptures has become more and more diverse: many professionals have participated in it, making ice sculptures into shapes with traditional cultural characteristics such as "Dashui Law", or building modern consumer places such as hot pot restaurants and bars in the ice city, in an effort to give visitors a better experience.
The 25th World of Ice and Snow in Harbin opened on the same day as the film. This year, the modern entertainment facilities based on ice and snow that appeared in "Building a Kingdom by Ice" are more colorful, and the entertainment projects are even more dazzling. The theme of this year’s World of Ice and Snow is "Dragon’s Snow and Winter", and it has been carefully designed in terms of art, entertainment, diet, sports and culture. Both adults and children can enjoy laughter and laughter in the world of ice and snow: delicious food in the snow, skiing experience, parent-child time, IP punching in online celebrity, ice performance … Rich activities will accompany tourists through important festivals such as New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, etc., with simple ice bricks in the hands of workers and countless people’s painstaking efforts, generate is full of endless fun and excitement.
Although ice is solidified, it carries cultural values and emotional meanings, but it is flowing through. Spring and winter have come, and abundant ice resources have nourished this northern city. After countless pairs of hard-working hands and countless ingenious minds, the ice cubes are carved into beautiful and moving ice sculptures, so that visitors can enjoy such a unique scenery of the North. After the filming, the film has been shown abroad for many times and won many awards. It has become a kaleidoscope of cultural exchanges between the East and the West, and has also made more foreigners know the charm and style of Harbin.
Beautiful things always need to be recorded and written, and the shooting of "Building a Kingdom by Ice" is no less difficult than the process of taking and transporting ice itself. However, thanks to the ingenious and discerning director Rick, the story of ice sculpture and ice builders can be preserved and spread. In this sense, the beauty of ice sculpture on the realistic level is intertwined with the carefully shot film pictures, and a winter waltz is played with an extremely elegant gesture.
(Source: Beiqing Net)
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The last group of blockbusters shot by Kathy CHAU before his death was open, holding a cat and smiling. The studio revealed his philosophy of life： no matter how good or bad, he loved life calmly.

On the evening of December 12th, Kathy CHAU Studio issued a document announcing that Kathy CHAU died on December 11th due to illness.

On December 15th, Kathy CHAU Studio updated two magazine materials shot by Kathy CHAU before his death, and a group of blockbusters shot before his death were exposed. It is reported that this group of materials was filmed on November 17.

In the exposed blockbuster, Kathy CHAU changed many sets of shapes, which was gentle and elegant.

In this regard, many netizens posted a message to remember: "Never forget, always leave a good memory!"

[Source: Jiupai News Comprehensive Studio Account]

Disclaimer: The copyright of this article belongs to the original author. If it comes from the wrong source or infringes on your legitimate rights and interests, you can contact us through email, and we will deal with it in time. E-mail address: jpbl@jp.jiupainews.com

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What exercises can burn fat？ What kind of exercise would you choose？

# Which exercises can burn fat? #

Want to lose weight? Exercise is a very good way. So, in fitness training, which exercises can consume fat? Let’s take a look:

1. Jogging

Jogging is a very popular sport. Running for one hour can consume 500-600 calories. Running can not only help you burn fat in your body, but also improve your cardiopulmonary function. Jogging for more than half an hour at a time can effectively increase calorie consumption.

2. Skipping rope

Skipping rope is also a good exercise, which burns fat more efficiently than running, and has a short and efficient effect. Jumping rope can quickly raise your heart rate and improve your physical coordination.

You can choose to skip rope 100-200 times, perform 5-6 groups, and rest for 1 minute between groups, so as to achieve the effect of short interval and improve the fat burning efficiency.

3. Opening and closing jumps

Jumping is also a very suitable exercise for slimming. You can move in trivial time. It can quickly consume fat in your body and enhance your muscle strength. You can start with 100-200 at a time and accumulate more than 600 at a time, which can achieve the effect of burning fat.

4. Bobby jumps

Bobby jumping is also a very good exercise. It combines squats, push-ups, jumps and other actions, which can exercise most muscle groups of the body, and can also quickly consume fat in your body. After training, the body will continue to burn fat, which will help to build a lean body.

5. Swimming

Swimming is also a very suitable exercise to lose weight. It can relieve summer heat and have fun, burn calories and exercise your whole body muscles. You can choose freestyle, butterfly and breaststroke, which are all good swimming methods.

6. Aerobics

Sticking to aerobics for 1 hour can consume 300-400 calories, help you break down the fat in your body, and improve your body’s coordination and flexibility. You can freely choose different movements for combined training, such as 20 seconds for each movement and 20 seconds for rest, which can make you sweat in a short time.

So, what kind of sports do you like?

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Women who can dress well, where to win？ The detailed ＂ever-changing＂ guide can be called a fashion textbook.

Text: Lowe

Hi, I’m Lowe. Let’s continue our fashion trip, and we’ll never get lost when we become beautiful.▼

How to play with ever-changing styles? Today, it is the protagonist.

Light is color, and light is colored; Things are shapes, and tangible things exist. Therefore, color and things are the simple features of nature bred by heaven and earth.

Our understanding of the world can be essentially classified into two points:Colors and objects. Regardless of industry, regardless of species.

Based on this,styleThe word arises spontaneously. Broadly speaking, it is the classification and division of a certain kind of things with common characteristics; In a narrow sense, it is a personality with a specific label.

For example, the character style, clothes style, collocation style, and evenBaibian modeling style. In different environments or contexts, styles can be integrated and connected without hindrance.

And,styleJust like a music conductor, facing a jumble of different colors or objects (clothes and people), he dances a harmonious stick and plays a pleasing fashion style.

Only when the style of a suit is clear can it stand the vicious aesthetic appreciation and torture.

So, where does the style come from? Lowe’s answer is: people, clothes, accessories, colors, inspiration, temperament, demeanor, words and deeds, temperament, posture. ……Everything is..

The most important thing: everyone’s style is unique. It is presented after the integration of people and clothes.Unique tonality.

If you reallyHave temperament, then the style is unique and quite charming; If you don’t, it shows everything inside: poor, poor, pale, helpless, tacky or mediocre. …

This is why people with temperament look good in everything. Because, the characters themselvesCharming gas field, has long surpassed all external things. Please note that you are good-looking and have a figure. ≠ Have temperament.

Here’s to clarify what a real temperament is: it is.From the insideA state of mental energy, which does not refer to some features of appearance or the contrast of clothes.

I still remember a customer I met in the store before. When she pushed the door in, her whole energy instantly lit up everything. That kind of elegant and decent gas field, which is strongly shocking, has never forgotten me.

Of course, for ordinary people, it is not an overnight success to want to have this temperament. But at least if you know the direction of your efforts, you have already succeeded half the time, right?

Today’s fashion sharing will focus on 【Variety style】 wear it.Focus buildingExpand. There is a lot of verbosity above, which is the core of temperament shaping and belongs to the ideological level. Next, it is the application sharing of practical exercises.

As I said before, as long as a set of clothes has a distinctive style, the whole will not be difficult to see. So, where does the style come from? How to establish a style?

This will belong to 【Focus building】 And the ever-changing shape is a game with a distinct focus. After all, we can’t get away from the style focus of condensing light.

However, where does the focus come from? Lowe defines it as: anything is possible, coveringCharacters and costumesEverything depends on personal aesthetic vision and creative inspiration.

However, from the conventional application experience, Lowe listed as follows:

① Clothes tone

A piece of clothing itselfBright colorTonality often has the advantage of preemptive visual snatch. At this point, it is the king of focus. All collocation ideas should revolve around it, and the style will take the lead because of it.

Like this rose-purple coat, the color is exaggerated and the lines are neat, which is quite intellectual. The wisdom and romance that women love most are far more elegant than the fiery red.

If it is black, white, gray, rice and other basic colors, it is necessary to look at it with the help of design to distinguish its hue. In the picture below, the black stitching lines of the beige sweater are quietlySmall personalityLay the groundwork.

In line with this idea, choosing a beige gauze skirt to match is a modest luxury. The quiet momentum personality is the most shocking. Comparing the upper and lower styles, the style images are naturally wonderful.

② Clothing design

Throw away the fashion tension of large-area colors, and use design lines, or decorative elements, and small-area contrast colors to show their individuality. Their styles are distinctive.

If you want to dress well, there are two ideas: follow the trend or go upstream.by taking advantage of an opportunity, that is, highlight the design tonality and focus on it;adverse current, that is, mix and match, compare the test of wearing skills.

The strength of fashion power depends onDesign sense of quantityDepending on the size. This light blue sweater, with its flared sleeves, has a definite personality. As for how to wear it and how to highlight this sense of design, everyone has his own arrangement.

People who know will build momentum, such as matching a cropped sleeve coat or a vest; If you don’t understand, you may be at a loss and become a disorderly situation.

③ Clothing fabric

The style of fabric, though small, cannot be ignored. Knitting, for example, is delicate, rugged and has different styles. When the fabric becomes the focus label, you have to learn to adapt.

thisTexture senseThe obvious sweater coat must be worn casually to look good. Of course, exquisiteness and femininity should be at least 20% so as not to be sloppy.

As thin as a veil and as transparent as a cicada.Lace materialAt one time, romantic women were sought after. Wearing the right style, wearing the wrong gaudy, being measured and measured, has become cautious.

If you make friends with neat shirts, all vulgar worries can be dispelled. This personality, this focus, is the favorite of the urban workplace elite. Of course, lace should be high-grade and textured.

④ Color matching tone

What is color matching tone? That is, a set of collocation creates a tone tendency. It can often turn decay into magic. Looking at this beige knitted skirt alone, the highlights are insufficient.

But with a gold bag, it makes people shine.Focus tone, is the overall style label: cool, fashionable, silk does not hesitate, when it comes to it.

Color matching tones can only be understood, but not expressed. For example,White and blue matchThe refreshing classic is a French style label of a literary fan. Especially jeans with a white coat is the usual method.

Like white shirt+jeans, white sweater+jeans, who can refuse effortless fashion? Other images: red and blue, blue and brown, rice flour, red and brown … please experience it carefully.

⑤ shoe

Shoes are the focus, the easiest to get started. Decide the style, make the finishing point,shoeNever flinch. When worn, shoes still occupy a delicate and exquisite visual window.

Cool Martin boots, pointed shoes, distinctive personality, rule out the river.

Over the yearsNeutral leather shoes, far more popular than delicate loafers. Exaggerated design, bold tone and strong sense of existence contribute to a neat neutral focus for a set of collocation.

Before choosing it, weigh your free and easy ingredients.

⑥ Bag

Shoes and bags have the same status, and they are equal. Can be independent and cooperate with each other. If you are a fashion novice, please cooperate with it, and the error probability is extremely low.

A bag with weight or bright spots isIdentity and tasteThe sum of.

In addition, the bag also plays a role.Harmonic focusThe great responsibility. Big coat? Long coat? Everything loose and bloated can be solved by a delicate and lovely small bag in minutes.

A playful and lively atmosphere, a set of calm collocation.

⑦ jewels

Hehe, the focus effect of jewelry need not be said. Most of the modeling atmosphere is supported by it.Jewelry pointsThe more, the more exaggerated the effect, the more distinctive the style.

From the lapel coatwhite pearlHow appropriate, straight melody and harmony, exquisite and elegant power emerge instantly.

OrnamentalFocus buildingVery flexible, try to figure out a way that suits you, and fashion comes uninvited.

Like shoes and bags, jewelry also has a boost from brands. There is a stronger sense of existence and a more obvious style tendency, so we must pay attention to screening. cultivateluxury goodsThe ability to taste culture is also a part of clothing.

⑧ Small thing

Small accessories, such as glasses, scarves, scarves, watches, etc., although small in area, can create momentum for style. When you want to be academic, or to express dignity and intellectuality, a pairFrame glassesIt’s an artifact.

Autumn and winterglovesIt also has the effect of making the finishing point, and paying attention to women will never ignore it.

Personality beltHold up the fashion focus for the waist. With clothes, it becomes an excellent window.

⑨ Soft factor

What is a soft factor? Lowe classifies all the elements that are invisible and can only be felt as soft factors. Such as temperament, expression, words and deeds, inner strength, temperament and so on.

A set of collocation, a style, have corresponding.Wear imposing manner. According to occasions, scenes and needs, to release and express, you can naturally get what you want with the help of fashion clothes.

This level, very picky, only the master understands.

After a series of combing the focus, I believe you will get the message. However, how to combine the scene application? This link is the demonstration of the scene.

Scene 1: Low-key luxury

Low-key luxury is a gorgeous reward for dark shadows. It has texture and connotation, which can better show taste. Compared with the sheer splendor, this modelling technique lies in.mediate.

For example, a mix of personalized purple tops and jeans. Leisure and gorgeous, especially bright.

A simple but elegant color, small area.Printed silk scarfIt’s definitely the highlight. It has contributed greatly to the creation of luxury and splendor. The bold contrast of white, red and blue can’t be described in a striking way!

mix colours in proper proportionsIt is the easiest to create luxury and luxuriance. Pink-purple tweed long coat, dignified and elegant, with dark blue inside, will fully stimulate the unique advantages of the same color.

The gorgeous collar type complements each other, and the color bag echoes the beige booties, paying attention to exquisiteness.

Scene 2: Capable commuting

I am afraid that those who are deeply appreciated will be rewarded by the elite with golden collars in the workplace. It is necessary to look good and decent, but also to highlight the charm of neat and capable work. It is worth pondering and studying.

For example, an elegant suit with a big woman style. entiretyRice tone+Cut neatly to win, embellish a chic brooch, and hold all the details in place.

When commuting normally, wearing a black suit under a beige coat makes you look dashing, no less than a whirlwind wherever you go. The focus of this kind of collocation often lies in the details.

The neutral wind is obvious, and the exquisiteness and femininity can all depend on it.detailWon. Like scarves, ankles, and bright spirits … all of them are big dramas.

Deep blue coatIts wisdom and intellectuality are its distinctive style labels. How to activate it? With a beige satin shirt inside, the lace-up is elegant and feminine.

Under the bright blue overskirt, echo with light blue bag, and then buckle patent leather shoes on both sides, elegant and atmospheric.

When attending some important event scenes, how to cover everything, especially test the inspiration. At this timeFocus buildingIt can be called a finishing touch weapon.

For example, a black collarless suit with a bow-tie shirt and brooch embellishment, silver shoes and white bags are a link between the preceding and the following, and the depth contrast is all hard power.

For beige, we often stay away from it, but if you choose the right style and clothes, it will definitely make you more elegant. A patterned dress, bow tie, waist, hem and printing are all exquisite.

With a camel coat, the big lapels that can’t be said hold up neutral bones and muscles. With tenderness and toughness,Distinctive style.

Scene 3: Get together with friends

Getting together with girlfriends, or meeting friends, all female counterparts must be a fashion contest. The two styles of the scene below are worn by little women and big women.Style game.

White+black; The other is beige+black, which matches their looks and temperament and pays attention to dressing demonstration.

If it is a grand meeting of elders, it is inevitable to wear a dignified suit. When you are dressed in black, you can go fromDesign profileLooking for a breakthrough, showing a lovely cocoon shape or A-shape collocation, liveliness and agility will emerge.

Make the finishing touch with beige exquisite bags, and hit it off with smart; Second, the atmosphere and formality are contrasted.

Scene 4: Social gathering

Some formal social scenes compete for comprehensive strength. Identity, status, value, image, aesthetics, temperament … all of them. How to dress decently needs to be considered.

Dark red suit, with a gray-pink dress skirt, the whole style is upgraded instantly. In order to highlight the details, the personalized tassel scarf and silver bag are embellished, emphasizing the artistic conception of color matching and highlighting the main theme.Tone style.

Scene 5: Home Leisure

A sweater, a pair of jeans and a pair of comfortable loafers are the happiness and fashion of home leisure. The comfortable and relaxing atmosphere is just like doing one’s duty.Theme style.

Reconciliation is a little delicate and feminine, so enjoy the present, ok?

Ok, the focus of the ever-changing style is over. I hope to inspire you a little!

Please continue to pay attention to Lowe, see you tomorrow!

I’m Lowe. I take image management as my homework all my life, and greet the blooming of every day in my life with a beautiful image and a beautiful mood.

I don’t just share what I wear, but I hope I can help you build your own internal aesthetic system and spiritual nourishment system, so that you can be beautiful for a long time!

If you are confused, you can write privately, and welcome to leave a message to discuss. On the road to beauty, we will grow together and be strong together!

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Prospect of football： West Ham can’t resist Arsenal, Liverpool is not afraid of visiting, Manchester United VS Newcastle.

West Ham United VS Arsenal

After West Ham lost to Everton at home last season, the league suffered two consecutive defeats. The team’s recent performance is really not safe, and it is still difficult to resist when facing the league’s strong teams. At present, it ranks 9 th in the league. West Ham United’s offensive output is acceptable, but the stability of the team’s defense is still insufficient. After Arsenal’s victory over Sheffield United, the league remained unbeaten, and the team is currently ranked second in the league. Arsenal’s offensive output is very strong, and the stability of the defense line is also worthy of praise. Recently, it has been able to score zero opponents in many games.

West Ham United’s overall strength is relatively limited, the team’s recent stability is not high, and the main battle performance is not safe. The Arsenal League has guaranteed unbeaten record so far, and the team’s historical achievements have crushed opponents, so the psychological advantage is very obvious. This time, the team is a guest to challenge their opponents, and I believe that they still have the ability to win from the away game.

Everton VS Burnley

Everton beat West Ham United in the last league. The team’s recent achievements are relatively erratic, showing a plum blossom pile, but its winning ability has indeed improved, and it is currently ranked 15th in the league. Everton’s offensive and defensive ends have also improved to some extent recently. Burnley lost to Bournemouth in the last league, and the league suffered another three-game losing streak. So far, the team has only won one victory, ranking only 19th in the league. Burnley’s offensive output is relatively weak, and the defensive end can be said to be full of loopholes.

Everton’s recent performance is indeed unstable, and the team has no strength against the strong teams, but its winning ability has indeed improved in the face of the weak teams in the league recently. The performance of Burnley, the opponent, continued to be sluggish, and recently suffered a three-game losing streak. This time, Everton is sitting at home to meet the challenge of the weak team, and I believe that I still have the ability to successfully win the opponent at home.

Bournemouth VS Liverpool

Bournemouth defeated Burnley at home in the last league, and finally won the first victory in the league. However, the opponent is really a weak team, and the gold content is really not high. At present, it still ranks 17th in the league. Bournemouth’s front line output is insufficient, and the loopholes at the defense end are not small. Liverpool beat Nottingham Forest at home last season, and the league won two consecutive victories and three unbeaten games. The overall performance of the team has once again strengthened, and it is currently ranked fourth in the league. Liverpool’s offensive output is stable and the defense strength is constantly strengthening.

Bournemouth’s overall strength is very limited, the ability to fight hard is also insufficient, and there is no advantage at home. After all, Liverpool, the rival team, has recently returned to the right track after losing the game unexpectedly, and the stability of both offensive and defensive ends is constantly improving. In addition, Liverpool’s historical achievements have crushed their opponents, and even if they are a guest, they are not afraid.

Manchester United VS Newcastle United

Manchester United lost to the opponent in the last Manchester derby, and was hit by the strong team after winning two consecutive victories. However, the team has won several victories in the near future, and its overall performance has improved. At present, it ranks eighth in the league. Manchester United’s offensive and defensive stability needs to be strengthened. Newcastle United drew away with Wolves in the last league, and the league remained unbeaten in six rounds, but the winning ability was still insufficient, and it is currently ranked sixth in the league. Newcastle United’s offensive output is strong, but the defensive end often has problems.

Manchester United’s domestic and foreign troubles are serious, and the recent achievements and performance of the team are indeed not stable enough. However, as for Chi Hah, he still needs to strive for victory in every game to stabilize the morale of the army. Newcastle United’s overall performance has been stable recently, but its winning ability has indeed declined. In addition, the team’s winning ability in guest games is indeed insufficient. This time, the Red Devils welcomed their opponents at home, and I believe there is still a chance to successfully win their opponents.

Chelsea VS Blackburn

Chelsea lost to brentford at home last season, and the unbeaten game in three rounds of the league ended. Losing the game is really unacceptable, and it is only ranked 11th in the league at present. Chelsea’s offensive output suffered another zero, and the defensive end of the last two league games also lost 2 goals per game. Blackburn lost to Swansea at home in the last league, and its three-game winning streak ended. It is rare for the team to win a winning streak in the near future, and the last game was also ended by opponents. At present, it ranks 12 th in the British Championship. Blackburn’s offensive output is also not stable enough, but fortunately the defense strength has improved recently.

Chelsea’s defeat on the road to the Northern Expedition was indeed a blow to morale, but this time the team ushered in a lower-level league opponent, which was also a rare opportunity for the team to snatch victory and revive morale. Opponent Blackburn rarely won a winning streak recently, but the stability is still insufficient. The last game was terminated by the opponent, and the efficiency of the team’s offensive end really needs to be strengthened. This time, Chelsea played at home to meet the challenge of Championship team Blackburn Rovers. I believe it is not too difficult to win the opponent.

Dortmund VS Hoffenheim

The recent performances of both sides are relatively stable, but Dortmund’s achievements in the past battles have crushed opponents, and their psychological advantages are very obvious. This time, I took a strong home game against my opponent, and I believe I still have the ability to continue my outstanding achievements.

Frejborg VS paderborn

Although Frejborg’s performance is erratic, he has a strong ability to score points in the main battle. Paderborn, the opponent, is a team in the middle reaches of German B, and its overall strength is relatively limited. I’m afraid it’s very difficult to be a guest and challenge Frejborg.

Hertha Berlin VS Mainz

Hertha Berlin’s current situation is erratic, but it is good to win more and lose less, and at the same time, the main battle ability is not weak. Although the opponent Mainz is a high-level league team, the team’s performance so far has not been satisfactory. This time the two sides met, Hertha Berlin still had a chance to defend the unbeaten home.

Udinese VS Cagliari

Udinese’s winning ability is limited, but his recent performance is fairly safe. Although the opponent Cagliari won the first victory in the league in the last campaign, the overall stability is still insufficient, and at the same time, the ability to fight is not good. This time, Udinese is at home, and I believe he still has a certain advantage.

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What is culture？ What is culture？

Everyone knows the word "culture" and can generally understand the basic meaning of the word "culture", but what is culture? What is the definition of culture? There are not many people who can answer it or answer it completely. I don’t blame you, and no one has to blame themselves. Because, although human civilization has lasted for 5,000 years, up to now, due to the lack of real understanding of the extension of culture and the infiltration of different historical views, the concept of "culture" has not been universally accepted by everyone. Let me briefly list it below. Do you agree with that one, or try to give it to "?

First, the definition of "culture" According to statistics, since the history of civilization, there have been countless definitions of "culture". According to the statistics of "An Introduction to Cross-cultural Communication", since 1871, there have been more than 300 definitions of "culture" in the world, too many, and some of them are not in line with our traditional culture and values, so we omit some and choose to list them as follows.

1. The word "culture" comes back. The word "culture" in China first appeared in the Book of Changes: civilization stops, and humanity is also. Look at the humanities and turn it into the world. Here, "Wen" and "Hua" have not yet been linked together, but the meaning is already there. The main meaning of "cultural success" is "civilized education". What connects the words "Wen" and "Hua" is Liu Xiang’s "Shuo Yuan" in the Han Dynasty: where martial arts flourish, they refuse to accept it, their culture does not change, and then they are punished. Liu Xiang’s word "culture" means "Wen Zhi" as opposed to "Wu Zhi". It can be seen vertically that the words "culture" used above mainly refer to the contents of "morality" and "rule by virtue", and are not the concept of "culture" in a complete sense.

2. Marx’s definition of "culture" "Culture" is the sum total of the lifestyle of a country or a nation. It is believed that people’s lifestyle is "culture", and what kind of lifestyle is there, such as China culture and American culture.

3, Xu Jialu in the article "On National Cultural Security" elaborated"Culture" can be summarized into three parts: one is to deal with the relationship between people; The second is to deal with the relationship between man and nature; The third is to deal with the relationship between reality and the future. Furthermore, it is believed that these three articles are the core content of human culture and the most fundamental problem of culture.

Note:Xu Jialu served as Vice Chairman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), Chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party, Director state language commission and Special Adviser of the Maritime Silk Road Association.

4, philosophy and sociology subject understanding:"Culture" is a process, a state and a realm of human development, and the integration of process, state and realm is the true meaning of culture.

5. Most people in the field of science and culture believe that"Culture" is a relatively stable, independent and complete sum of social norms that human beings maintain the survival and development of various social groups.

6. Anthropological groups believe thatEverything between a group that is different from other groups except genetic genes is called "culture". Here, they regard culture as a variable of economic development, which is prone to the problem of cultural autocracy or chauvinism.

7, empiricists believe thatCulture is produced in the common life and work activities of human beings, and it is the core of mutual recognition within the nation.

Second, the characteristics or characteristics of "culture" There are many characteristics of "culture", but there are three main ones.

1. Culture is a derivative of human evolution.Natural existence is not culture, only what is processed or produced by human beings intentionally or unintentionally is culture. The commonness of human beings is not culture but human nature, and the characteristics of individuals are not culture, but personality. What is inherited is not culture, but instinct. Culture is a social product created by human beings and accepted or followed by members of society. What is privately owned by individuals and not understood and accepted by other members of society cannot be called culture. For example, attraction between men and women is not called culture, but marriage in love is culture, because it is natural instinct for men and women to like each other, while marriage in love is acquired.

2. "Culture" has the characteristics of applicability.. Once "culture" is formed, it has adaptive characteristics. Under certain conditions, people must adapt to it, otherwise it will be eliminated or marginalized, that is, "anomie". Of course, if you are strong enough, you can also try to change the "culture". Usually, this is what revolutionaries and reformers do. This leads to the problem of "culture" inclusiveness. Generally speaking, a strong culture is less inclusive, while a weak culture shows a higher tolerance or tolerance. Cultural inclusiveness is positively related to social openness and cultural civilization.

3. "Culture" is hierarchical. It is roughly divided into three layers. The first layer is the surface layer, which is mainly expressed through human’s basic necessities. For example, eating without snapping your mouth, walking with your head held high, etc. are all manifestations of "culture" The second layer is the middle layer, such as art, customs, rules, law, religion, etc. Their common feature is to express their thoughts or will with the help of materials. The third layer is the bottom layer, which is what we usually call the bottom logic. This bottom logic refers to the outlook on life, values, ethics and aesthetics. These "four views" reflect the relationship between people, people and nature, reality and future, which constitute the soul of a nation.

The three layers of "culture" are not insulated and often interact and link, but it is relatively easy to change food, clothing, housing and transportation, and it is relatively difficult to change the underlying culture.

Third, the value or use of "culture" The value of "culture" to life is multi-angle and multi-faceted, and it is impossible to exhaust it. Here, we only choose the role of "culture" in explaining the most valuable life dilemma, and it is useless to talk a little.

1, a culture can "reveal" their own life difficulties, and criticize or vent.. Qu Yuan’s "asking for heaven" belongs to this category. For another example, poor and ugly people, when buying goods or receiving services, often dare not question the quality of goods or services, and are used to finding reasons from themselves. For example, an ugly woman’s hair is broken, and she dare not blame the stylist, but blame herself for being ugly.

2. Give value to the dilemma.For example, Mencius, the sage of Asia, said: Therefore, people are going to be demoted, so they must first suffer from their minds, work hard on their bones and muscles, starve their bodies and skin, and be empty of their bodies, so they can’t be patient. Another example is the saying that difficulties are tempered. Another example is that the young people’s death to save the elderly is negative from the biological point of view, but if it is explained by "culture", it belongs to a positive and worth promoting behavior.

Expounding the above reason, I mainly want to explain that, with or without knowledge, one can understand or learn the above thinking or thinking mode, even if he is "literate", otherwise, no matter how much he recites, he can’t be said to be a "literate person", and using the calligraphy of the phonograph world is called the study of asking questions.

Fourth, what is "literate" According to the above concepts and analysis, although "culture" is the externalization of knowledge, the cultural connotation of externalized knowledge is far from this. Therefore, having knowledge does not mean having culture, so how can it be regarded as "having culture"?

1. Only knowledge can lead to culture.Knowledge is the shell and expression of culture. Without knowledge, it is not only difficult to form a scientific way of thinking, but also difficult to express and communicate effectively. To reiterate, knowledge refers not only to book knowledge, but also to life experiences, experiences and civilized achievements that have been sublimated into culture, such as life knowledge, labor skills and people’s common habits.

2, can use knowledge and use knowledge to build values recognized by the orthodox system, is a culture.Culture is essentially a quality, and a qualified person has the ability to explain the value world and transcend the survival difficulties. In short, a person with culture and quality not only has the ability to create the value world, but also can let himself and others transcend the survival difficulties in the future.

Description: 1,Culture is the main symbol of human evolution from animals. Animals have no culture, only humans have culture. 2. The word "value" has the same meaning as the word "meaning", but the difference is that "value" is a foreign word, while "meaning" is a local word and a traditional term.

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