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Piloting China ｜ Implementing Healthy China Strategy and Maintaining People’s Health from the Source

CCTV News (news broadcast): People’s health is an important symbol of socialist modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has adhered to the people-centered development thought, put people’s health in a strategic position of giving priority to development, continuously deepened the reform of the medical and health system, and constantly improved the health and wellness system. China’s health and wellness undertakings have moved from "treating diseases as the center" to "taking people’s health as the center", striving to ensure people’s health in an all-round and full-cycle way.

In the Chronic Disease Management Center of Shaxian District General Hospital in Sanming City, Fujian Province, the system is dynamically analyzing and evaluating the health data of hundreds of thousands of residents in the whole district, and carrying out differentiated management according to the condition. Hong Zhengu, a villager in Shankou Village, Gao Qiao Town, was included in the management of chronic diseases three years ago. Due to the unstable blood pressure, Hong Zhengu became the key management object of rural doctors after the system warning. In addition to visiting doctors, he also prescribed diet and exercise.

At present, general hospitals have been established in 11 districts and counties in Sanming, and such chronic disease management centers have been set up to manage and monitor the health of residents, and a health security system for everyone is being built. From the bottom of the medical insurance fund to the accumulated balance of more than 2 billion yuan, in the past ten years, Sanming medical reform refers to the "chronic disease" of the medical system in which the prices of drugs and consumables are artificially high and the medical insurance fund is wasted. By getting rid of the water of raising prices with drugs and squeezing out the price increase, the expenditure on drugs and consumables has been reduced by more than 15.8 billion yuan in ten years. At the same time, the income distribution system of hospitals and doctors has been reformed, the price of medical services has been raised, and the sunshine income of medical staff has been increased.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always placed people’s health in a strategic position of giving priority to development. In March 2021, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the Shaxian General Hospital of Sanming City to learn about the situation of medical reform and benefiting the people. At that time, in the outpatient hall, Weng Hua, a teacher in Shaxian District, showed the General Secretary his medical insurance account, with a balance of more than 10,000 yuan.

Without national health, there will be no overall well-off society. At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core made a major decision to "promote the construction of a healthy China", and at the first national health and wellness conference, the national health and wellness work policy in the new era was defined as "changing the focus on treating diseases into the focus on people’s health". From the release of "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline to the comprehensive deployment of "Implementing Healthy China Strategy" in the report of the 19th National Congress, the top-level design, overall strategy and implementation path of healthy China construction have been continuously clarified.

This decade is a decade in which the reform of China’s medical and health system has continued to deepen and the problem of difficult and expensive medical treatment for the people has been accelerated. Historically, China has completely broken the system of supplementing medicine with medicine, and has continuously promoted the transformation from "taking treatment as the center" to "taking people’s health as the center".

The problem of people’s difficulty in seeing a doctor has been effectively alleviated. The three-tier network of medical and health services covering urban and rural areas has been continuously improved, and 90% families can reach the nearest medical point within 15 minutes.

The problem of expensive medical treatment for the masses has been alleviated. The national list of essential drugs has increased to 685 varieties. The number of people participating in basic medical insurance exceeded 1.36 billion, and the proportion of residents’ personal health expenditure to total health expenditure fell to 27.7%, the lowest level in 20 years.

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On January 22, Liaoning added 2 cases of asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad, both of which were reported by Shenyang.

　　According to the website of the Liaoning Provincial Health and Wellness Committee on January 23, there were no new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Liaoning Province from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on January 22; Two new cases of asymptomatic infected people imported from abroad were reported in Shenyang. One case was cured and discharged from hospital on the same day. 3 cases of asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad were cured.

　　As of 24: 00 on January 22nd, 810 confirmed cases (including 172 imported cases) were reported in the province, 798 cases were cured and discharged, 2 cases died, and 10 cases were treated in hospital (all imported cases). At present, there are still 38 cases (3 local cases and 35 imported cases) of asymptomatic infection in designated hospitals for isolation observation and treatment.

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Notice of the General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the ＂Fourteenth Five-Year Plan＂ of Tianjin’s Scientific and Technological Innovation

General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing

Notice of the Tenth Five-Year Plan of Tianjin Science and Technology Innovation

No.32 [2021] of Tianjin Zhengban Fa

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus:

With the consent of the Municipal People’s Government, we hereby print and distribute the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" of Tianjin’s scientific and technological innovation to you, please implement it accordingly.

General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government

August 8, 2021

The Tenth Five-Year Plan of Scientific and Technological Innovation in Tianjin

The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years for Tianjin to start a new journey of building a socialist modern metropolis in an all-round way on the basis of building a high-quality well-off society in an all-round way, and it is a crucial period for accelerating self-reliance in science and technology, promoting high-quality development and building a new development pattern. In order to thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, accelerate the construction of a higher-level innovative city, create an important source of independent innovation and a major source of original innovation, and accelerate the functional orientation of "one base and three districts", this plan is formulated in accordance with the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Tianjin and the Outline of Long-term Objectives for the Year 2035.

The first chapter comprehensively opens a new journey of building an innovative city with a higher level.

First, grasp the new trend of scientific and technological innovation and development

(A) the foundation and status quo

Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", the city has vigorously implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, and the support of scientific and technological innovation has led to remarkable results in economic and social development. The R&D investment intensity and comprehensive scientific and technological innovation level index of the whole society have remained at the forefront of the country. In 2020, the city ranked 56th in the "Top 100 Regional Innovation Clusters in the World" and 24th in the "Natural Index-Scientific Research City 2020". The ability of independent innovation has been continuously improved, and breakthroughs have been made in the construction of major innovation platforms such as large-scale earthquake engineering simulation research facilities and the National Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Center. A number of original landmark achievements have been made in key areas such as artificial intelligence, biomedicine and new materials, such as Galaxy Kirin operating system V10, precise customized synthesis of yeast long chromosomes, efficient chiral spiro catalysts, and live-working robots for distribution networks. The "seven-chain" industrial innovation ecology of artificial intelligence represented by information technology application innovation and industrial robots has been gradually improved. The development of science and technology enterprises has formed the "Tianjin experience", and the atmosphere of innovation and entrepreneurship has become increasingly strong. Continue to deepen the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation, and make positive progress in ministerial and municipal consultations, cooperation between hospitals and cities, and regional coordination. We will continue to promote the reform of the science and technology system and constantly optimize the innovation ecology. The construction of innovative cities has entered the national advanced ranks, and scientific and technological innovation has become a key force for the transformation of old and new kinetic energy to lead high-quality development. However, to meet the requirements of the new development stage and new development pattern, there are still some weak links in this city’s scientific and technological innovation, such as a small number of major innovation platforms and top scientific and technological talents, insufficient development of scientific and educational potential, imperfect evaluation and incentive mechanism, and small "chassis" for developing new kinetic energy. Compared with domestic advanced cities,Scientific and technological innovation is facing a severe competitive situation of "if you don’t advance, you will retreat, and if you advance slowly, you will retreat".

(II) Situation and Mission

First, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation with intelligent technology as the core is changing the shape of economy and society. Emerging technologies and subversive innovations are constantly emerging at all levels and in all fields from micro to cosmology, and the paradigm of scientific and technological innovation is accelerating. A new generation of information technologies, such as artificial intelligence, 5G, blockchain, etc., have penetrated in an all-round way, pushing all fields of science, technology, economy and society to accelerate their leap to intelligence. Breakthroughs in basic frontier technologies such as quantum information and brain science have been accelerated, and fusion technologies such as additive manufacturing and brain-computer interface have emerged continuously, and technologies in life and health fields such as synthetic biology and vaccine research and development have developed rapidly. New energy, new materials, advanced manufacturing and other technologies are triggering changes in the industrial base. Data-driven and scene-driven have become new trends, and new technologies, new products, new tracks and new formats are constantly emerging.

The second is to build a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other, which requires scientific and technological innovation to play a greater role. International economic globalization and technological globalization encounter countercurrent. In order to achieve security and stability, the industrial chain supply chain needs to be self-reliant and self-reliant by science and technology to support its autonomy and controllability. With the support of supply-side structural reform as the main line, the high-quality supply of science and technology will promote the industrial chain to climb to high value, laying a solid foundation for the new development pattern. Insisting on the establishment of the manufacturing industry and building a strong manufacturing city, it is even more necessary for scientific and technological innovation to empower the industry, promote the upgrading of the industrial base and the modernization of the industrial chain, and provide a steady stream of power for promoting high-quality economic development.

Third, scientific and technological innovation has become the core driving force for regional development. Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are building international science and technology innovation centers, and the innovation of urban agglomerations has become an important support for regional coordinated development, and innovative micro-centers such as innovation corridors, science cities, parks and blocks in the region have formed new impetus for development. A new round of regional innovation pattern in China is accelerating adjustment, with a number of regional innovation centers rising rapidly, a number of comprehensive national science centers accelerating construction, and large-scale scientific infrastructure and national laboratories accelerating layout.

Facing the new opportunities and challenges brought by the new situation, we must adhere to the core position of scientific and technological innovation in the overall modernization of this city, adhere to self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology, make a good move in scientific and technological innovation, provide more high-quality scientific and technological supply, shape new development advantages and support the construction of a new development pattern.

Second, establish a new direction for the development of scientific and technological innovation

(A) the guiding ideology

Adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly implement the important requirements of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on the "three efforts" and a series of important instructions, base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, and deeply integrate into the major national strategy of coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. Adhere to the guiding principle of "independent innovation, leading development, talent-oriented, open integration", adhere to the core position of innovation, adhere to the strategic support of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology for high-quality development, focus on improving innovation ability and improving innovation system, and strive to cultivate strategic scientific and technological strength, promote key core technology research, strengthen the dominant position of enterprise innovation, promote the transfer and transformation of achievements, deepen openness and collaborative innovation, attract high-level talent teams, and create an excellent innovation ecology. Build a higher level innovative city, shape new development advantages, and provide strong scientific and technological support for realizing the functional orientation of "one base and three districts" and building a socialist modern metropolis in an all-round way.

(2) Development goals

By 2025, innovation-driven high-quality development has achieved remarkable results, and the construction of innovative cities has made remarkable progress, making important contributions to building a national advanced manufacturing R&D base, creating an important source of independent innovation and a major source of original innovation, and supporting the construction of an innovative country.

-the ability of independent innovation has been significantly enhanced. A strategic scientific and technological strength system led by major national scientific and technological facilities and innovation platforms has basically taken shape, and the layout of Haihe laboratory has achieved initial results. Breaking through a number of "stuck necks" and key core technologies in key areas, the effect of technological innovation driving the optimization and upgrading of industrial chain supply chain and technological empowerment industrial innovation is more obvious.

-the overall efficiency of the innovation system has improved. The main position of enterprise innovation has been continuously strengthened, and high-tech enterprises and innovative enterprise groups have achieved both quantitative and qualitative improvement. Universities, research institutes and new R&D institutions play a more significant role in the innovation system. The innovation and entrepreneurship system, technological innovation platform system and scientific and technological achievements transfer and transformation system are improving day by day.

-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has made significant progress in collaborative innovation and regional opening up. The construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community has been further promoted. A number of innovative gathering areas and marking areas, such as China Xinchuang Valley, Cell Valley and Bio-manufacturing Valley, have taken shape. The level of scientific and technological opening-up cooperation has been continuously improved, and it has been deeply integrated into the global innovation network.

-The ecological environment of scientific and technological innovation is more optimized. The gathering effect of high-level scientific and technological talents is obvious, and the innovation vitality of talents is further stimulated, forming a group of high-level talent teams in key fields to overcome difficulties. The reform of the science and technology system continued to deepen, the allocation of resources such as science and technology projects, bases, talents and funds was more scientific and efficient, the style of study in scientific research was better, and the scientific and cultural literacy of the whole people was significantly improved.

Table 1 Main Indicators of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation

one

Total social research and experimental development (R&D) expenditure as a percentage of regional GDP (%)

3.2

3.3

Proportion of basic research funds in total social research and experimental development (R&D) (%)

five

eight

three

R&D personnel per 10,000 employed persons (person-year)

103

110

four

Number of high-value invention patents per 10,000 population (pieces)

9.8

five

Total number of national high-tech enterprises (family)

7420

11600

six

Trading volume of the city’s technology market (100 million yuan)

1113

1600

seven

Compliance rate of citizens’ scientific literacy (%)

16.58

eight

Ratio of R&D expenditure to operating income of industrial enterprises above designated size (%)

1.13

1.35

nine

Cumulative number of enterprises identified as leading (cultivated) in science and technology (home)

216

300

Number of university science parks above municipal level (home)

one

eight

Proportion of foreign high-end and professional talents working and employed in China (%)

0.08

(III) Overall deployment

Facing the forefront of world science and technology, facing the main battlefield of economy, facing the major needs of the country, facing people’s lives and health, highlighting problem orientation and goal orientation, strengthening the precise layout of scientific and technological innovation and R&D, adhering to the two-wheel drive of scientific and technological innovation and institutional mechanism innovation, and focusing on the cultivation of strategic scientific and technological forces driven by major facilities and platforms; Focus on the core technology research with key industries such as Xinchuang as the main direction; Focus on improving the transformation ability of scientific and technological achievements with incubation transformation as an important dimension; Focus on the construction of technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body and deep integration of Industry-University-Research; Focus on the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development pattern with open collaborative innovation as the core; Focus on the creation of innovative ecology based on the transformation of government functions, and arrange and deploy key tasks of scientific and technological innovation in the next five years.

First, adhere to self-reliance in science and technology and build strategic scientific and technological strength. Actively integrate into the national innovation strategic layout, fully promote the construction of major scientific and technological infrastructure and scientific and technological innovation platforms, and plan to build Haihe Laboratory. Actively undertake the task of national basic research, promote the mutual promotion of basic research and applied research, and build the ability of innovation strategy with source scientific innovation and cutting-edge technology creation. Focus on key areas, organize and implement a number of major scientific and technological projects, speed up key core technology research, strengthen the construction of technological innovation platforms, and enhance industrial innovation capabilities.

The second is to adhere to market dominance and enhance the technological innovation capability of enterprises. Strengthen the main position of enterprise innovation, and promote enterprises to become the main body of technological innovation decision-making, R&D investment, scientific research organization and achievement transformation. Support leading enterprises in science and technology to take the lead in setting up innovative consortia and undertake major scientific research projects. Strengthen the cultivation of innovative enterprises and high-tech enterprise groups, and build an echelon of "young eagle-gazelle-leader" high-growth enterprises to continue to develop. Further promote scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship, and expand the new kinetic energy chassis.

Third, adhere to the principle of building a career with use and promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. We will comprehensively promote the construction of university science parks, strengthen the construction of transformation industrialization carriers such as industrial technology research institutes and demonstration zones for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and strengthen application demonstration and scene innovation. Improve the service system for the transfer and transformation of achievements, smooth the chain of achievements transformation, and promote the market-oriented flow of technical factors. Promote the deep integration of technology and finance, and build a technology and finance supporting service system covering the whole life cycle of technology-based enterprises.

The fourth is to optimize the layout and improve the efficiency of the innovation system. Further promote the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community, actively integrate into the construction of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center and the innovation and development of xiong’an new area, and promote the deep integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industrial chain and innovation chain. Focusing on the development of "Jincheng" and "Bincheng", we will optimize the spatial layout of scientific and technological innovation and create a number of innovation gathering areas and sign areas. High-level construction of the national new generation artificial intelligence innovation and development experimental zone. Promote the construction of national independent innovation demonstration zone with high quality. Explore new modes and paths of international scientific and technological cooperation and deepen the "Belt and Road" international scientific and technological cooperation.

The fifth is to adhere to the talent-oriented principle and introduce talents in all directions. Vigorously introduce high-level talents at home and abroad, and gather a group of first-class scientific and technological leaders and innovative teams. Strengthen the education and training of innovative talents and build a team of outstanding young scientific and technological talents. Optimize the incentive and guarantee mechanism of talent innovation, and fully stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of talents.

Sixth, persist in deepening reform and create an excellent innovation ecology. Accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological management functions from R&D management to innovative services, optimize the scientific and technological planning system and management mechanism, and establish a diversified scientific and technological investment mechanism. Further improve the scientific and technological regulations and policy system, vigorously carry forward the spirit of scientists, strengthen the construction of study style and work style, strictly protect intellectual property rights, improve the scientific research integrity system, promote the in-depth development of global popular science, and create a social atmosphere advocating innovation.

The second chapter focuses on the direction of key research and development fields.

Adhere to the "four orientations", combine the advantageous disciplines in this city, and provide innovative source supply through the deployment of future-leading application foundation and cutting-edge technology research; Focus on key industries and technical fields, and form new advantages at the forefront of science and technology by accelerating the breakthrough of a number of key core technologies, providing strong technical support for promoting the upgrading of industrial base and the modernization of industrial chain. Focusing on the needs of improving people’s livelihood and well-being, we will provide scientific and technological support for people’s high-quality life by strengthening technology research and development, integrated innovation and transformation and application.

First, actively deploy application foundations and cutting-edge technologies

(A) key basic research and cutting-edge technology

Strengthen the layout of basic research in the frontier of science and technology, optimize the development mechanism and environment of basic research, support the development of basic and forward-looking scientific problems and frontier technology research, and strive to achieve a breakthrough from 0 to 1. Encourage universities and research institutes to focus on advantageous disciplines, advantageous fields and advantageous teams of basic research, and independently lay out basic research. Focusing on the basic needs of technological innovation in key industries in this city, we will accelerate the application of basic research and cutting-edge technology research and development in information technology and life sciences, so as to provide the source power for industrial technological progress. Encourage enterprises as the main body to carry out applied basic research oriented to industrial needs.

1. Information technology. Focus on exploring the theoretical system and new technology of cyberspace security, the theory, design and optimization of complex networked intelligent information physical fusion system, the next generation industrial control system, new display and human-computer interaction system, topological quantum computing, cloud computing, industrial Internet of Things, and key technologies of smart cities.

2. A new generation of artificial intelligence technology. Focus on exploring the key technologies and core theories of precision artificial intelligence, cross-media intelligence, swarm intelligence, human-computer enhanced intelligence and other theories and algorithms, cognitive computing, edge computing chips, intelligent core algorithms and other key common technologies.

3. Life science and medicine. Focus on exploring engineering biology, chemical biology and advanced analytical biotechnology, cell therapy, stem cell and tissue engineering, molecular medicine and other directions. Support research on key technologies for prevention, control, early warning, diagnosis and treatment of major diseases, chronic diseases and epidemics, as well as modern traditional chinese medicine theory and preparations.

4. New energy and new material technology. Vigorously develop basic theories and key technologies in the fields of clean energy, micro-nano energy, power batteries, hydrogen fuel cells and research on new catalysts in the energy field. Explore new structural materials, composite materials, energy materials, biomaterials, chemical and environmental materials, information materials, organic polymer materials under extreme conditions, chiral materials and so on.

5. Intelligent manufacturing technology. Vigorously develop the theory and technology research and development of intelligent equipment performance stability mechanism, man-machine interaction and collaborative control principle, intelligent machining process self-discipline control, uncertain information analysis and accurate prediction, CAD-CAE-CAM coupling manufacturing method based on local geometric field and global physical field.

6. Earth science. Vigorously develop the basic theory and technology of accurate earthquake prediction, marine science and technology and sustainable development, the process and causes of air pollution, the multidimensional influence of global change and human activities, and the environmental resources and sustainable development in the "Belt and Road" region.

(B) Promote interdisciplinary integration and innovation

Deeply grasp the development trend of scientific integration, actively promote the development of marginal and interdisciplinary disciplines, promote the integration and innovation of basic science and applied technology, and expand new fields of scientific and technological innovation.

1. Applied mathematics and interdisciplinary research. Focus on exploring mathematical theories of random analysis, big data analysis and artificial intelligence, scientific and engineering computing theory, computer mathematics and cryptography, DNA storage technology, mathematical theories and methods in network and information science and security.

2. Synthetic chemistry and cross research. Vigorously develop frontier theories and methods of function-oriented new substances, molecular machines, green synthesis, bionic synthesis, structural diversity synthesis, ultra-efficient chiral catalysts and cross-scale chiral synthesis, precise synthesis and functional regulation, and biomass conversion.

3. State control and atomic and molecular physics. Vigorously develop research on the regulation of state of matter, atomic and molecular cluster physics, new physics, new phenomena, new light sources, new optical materials and devices, quantum optics and cold atomic and molecular physics under extreme conditions of time and space.

Second, focus on promoting key core technologies.

(A) a new generation of information technology

Taking Xinchuang industry as a breakthrough, we will strengthen the forward-looking and leading technology layout, seize the strategic commanding heights of the intelligent era, comprehensively promote technological breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, basic software, advanced computing, advanced communications, network security, blockchain and quantum information, firmly hold more key core technologies in our own hands, build a high-end independent innovation platform, promote the transformation and upgrading of a new generation of information technology enabling industries, build an information technology innovation ecosystem, and promote the high-quality development of the city.

1. artificial intelligence. Research technologies such as big data intelligence, swarm intelligence, cross-media intelligence, hybrid augmented intelligence, autonomous system, decision-making intelligence, brain-like intelligence, virtual reality and augmented reality.

2. Integrated circuits. Research the design and development technology of CPU, GPU and sensor. Breakthrough high-performance general computing chip technology, special-purpose accelerated computing chip technology, hardware security and trusted computing technology; Study characteristic technology and sealing and testing technology, and break through independent IP core and other technical products.

3. Basic software. Study the operating system and database software technology, and strengthen the adaptation to the whole machine based on domestic processors. We will break through the supporting software technology for "changing things from cloud to intelligence", develop industrial software and embedded system core technologies for key areas, and develop various heterogeneous system middleware technologies.

4. Advanced computing. Research supercomputers, Qualcomm quantum computers, heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing, mimicry computing, cloud computing, edge computing and other technologies, promote the integration with big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies, and build a new generation of information infrastructure integrating human, machine, things and intelligent applications.

5. Advanced communication. Research on network communication, optical communication, mobile communication and other technologies, focusing on supporting new generation communication technologies such as 5G, WiFi6, 6G and 10000 GE switches, and strengthening research on related technologies of the Internet of Things.

6. Network security. Research endogenous security, information security and Internet services, online banking data security, IDC and data security, access control, network security visual analysis and other technologies. Research the security architecture for network infrastructure equipment, industrial system control terminals, etc.

7. Blockchain. Research blockchain technologies such as smart contract, consensus algorithm, encryption algorithm and distributed system, build an independent blockchain bottom system, and carry out application demonstrations for logistics, finance, digital currency, smart government, sharing economy and other scenarios.

8. Quantum information. Study quantum computing theory, quantum error correction, quantum computing system, quantum intelligence, quantum communication and other technologies.

(B) Biotechnology and modern medicine

Facing the needs of people’s health and green sustainable development, we will promote continuous innovation in the fields of drugs, medical devices, bio-manufacturing and health, and consolidate and enhance the development level of bio-industry in this city.

1. Innovative drugs. Strengthen the research on the discovery and verification of new targets and precise design of drugs for prevention and treatment of acute infectious diseases such as malignant tumors, major chronic diseases and COVID-19, as well as the frontier key technologies of innovative drugs such as tumor immunotherapy, nucleic acid drugs and antibody drugs, and carry out the research and development of specific diagnostic reagents and therapeutic vaccines. Vigorously develop the research and application of new drugs, early rapid screening of new antibodies, and virtual evaluation technology, and the development of imported substitutes, first imitation drugs urgently needed in clinic, rare disease drugs and children’s drugs. Promote the development of key technologies of new DDS, and innovate clinical research and re-evaluation research of drugs.

2. Chinese medicine. Accelerate the construction of key technology system for the creation of new Chinese medicine, promote the interdisciplinary integration, strengthen the platform construction and technological innovation of component Chinese medicine creation, accelerate the prescription screening optimization and new drug transformation, strengthen the development of intelligent control technology platform and key equipment for the whole process of Chinese medicine pharmacy, and promote the technological innovation of intelligent manufacturing in the whole process. We will promote the discovery of new traditional Chinese medicines through the screening of classic prescriptions, hospital preparations and components, and continue to promote the secondary development of famous Chinese patent medicines, the authentic research of authentic medicinal materials and the substitution research of endangered precious medicinal materials. Strengthen the research on the quality improvement and guarantee technology of Chinese herbal pieces, and improve the whole process traceability system.

3. Medical devices and intelligent medical care. Focusing on clinical needs, we will focus on developing key technologies and products of high-end medical equipment, such as mobile medical imaging equipment, intelligent sensing interactive surgical robots, and artificial intelligence medical auxiliary diagnosis. Development of microfluidic chip, single molecule detection, new medical mass spectrometry, automatic nucleic acid detection and other intelligent in vitro rapid detection technologies and products. We will develop key technologies and products of biomedical materials such as biological 3D printing, cardiovascular implants (suitable for different groups of people), central nervous system repair materials and durable artificial organs, and focus on promoting key technologies and products of monitoring and rehabilitation such as wearable physiological indicators monitoring products and rehabilitation robots. Innovating "internet plus for Chronic Disease Management" mode. Encourage the combination of doctors and workers.

4. Synthetic biotechnology. Focus on the development of a new generation of DNA synthesis, gene editing, protein component artificial design, gene circuit design, digital cell modeling and simulation, chassis cell design optimization, artificial genome synthesis and assembly. Design and construct biosynthetic pathways for high-value compounds, natural products, etc., and focus on supporting the development of technologies such as biosensing and environmental restoration based on synthetic biotechnology, biological utilization of carbon dioxide, diagnosis and treatment of major diseases, and storage of DNA information.

5. Cell and gene therapy. Promote the research and development of biotherapy-related products based on cell and gene editing and their clinical application research, and study and formulate cell-full-chain technology and quality control system that meet international standards. Accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies such as the new generation of gene editing and CAR-T, and actively explore the clinical research of stem cells, immune cells and gene therapy.

6. Bio-manufacturing. We will develop a new generation of industrial chassis strains based on common technologies such as strain calculation and design, strain automatic creation, super-Qualcomm screening, Qualcomm evaluation and diagnosis, intelligent fermentation and artificial multi-enzyme catalysis. Promote industrial application around key industrial technologies such as industrial fermentation strains, pharmaceutical chemicals, future foods, bio-based materials, biochemistry, and straw biotransformation.

7. Biosafety. Support biological threat risk assessment, monitoring and early warning, detection and traceability, prevention and control, emergency response and other bio-safety related technology research.

(3) Equipment manufacturing

Based on the positioning of building a national advanced manufacturing R&D base, with the innovation and development of equipment manufacturing industry as the main direction, through scientific and technological innovation, we will increase the cultivation of key intelligent manufacturing enterprises, break through a number of key technical equipment and core components, overcome a number of common technologies and software of intelligent manufacturing, promote the deep integration of emerging technologies and equipment manufacturing industry, create several typical application scenarios, and focus on breaking through the technical bottlenecks that restrict high-end equipment manufacturing industry.

1. Industrial robots. We will further promote core components such as high-performance reducers and advanced controllers of industrial robots, research and development, production and integrated application of industrial robots, function and process software oriented to performance improvement, and technical research and product application of a new generation of intelligent industrial robots based on technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, intelligent perception and industrial Internet.

2. Intelligent terminal. Accelerate the development of intelligent old-age service terminals, intelligent medical rehabilitation equipment, special robots in non-traditional application scenarios, laser precision processing equipment, advanced manufacturing automation production lines and other technologies and product applications, and break through the high-end CPU manufacturing equipment technology.

3. Advanced rail transit. Vigorously promote the research and product application of new construction technology and core equipment in water-rich areas of urban rail transit, advanced automatic driverless technology of rail transit, intelligent integrated monitoring platform technology, intelligent maintenance equipment and technology, advanced rail transit power supply safety and control technology, and smart subway core equipment and technology based on new generation information technology.

4. Marine engineering equipment. Further promote the research and application of marine functional module construction technology, offshore self-compensation stable platform equipment and technology, offshore wind power efficient manufacturing and installation technology, high-end ships and special ships research and design, repair and modification technology. Accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies such as special equipment and integration technology for deep-water underwater oil production, deep-sea exploration and polar oil and gas development.

5. High-end CNC machine tools. Accelerate the research and application of CNC gear machining machine tools, CNC compound grinding machines, skin stretch forming equipment, hydraulic servo-driven CNC press system and automatic production line, high-precision servo motorized spindle and other equipment technologies. Breakthrough the research and development, technology and industrialization technology of CNC system for high-end CNC machine tools.

6. High-end instruments and meters. Accelerate the development and application of a new generation of intelligent sensors, new industrial sensors, on-site intelligent instruments for intelligent manufacturing needs, and high-precision comprehensive performance testing technologies and instruments. Breakthrough the key core technologies such as the development of general key components for high-end instruments, the development of intelligent and information instruments, and the data sharing platform.

7. Industrial software. Strengthen the research and development and application of industrial software products such as computer-aided design and simulation, intelligent factory technology and system, industrial collaboration technology and platform, strengthen the degree of safety and reliability and comprehensive integration application ability, promote the software of industrial technology, and further promote the deep integration of a new generation of information technology with artificial intelligence as the core and manufacturing industry.

(4) New energy sources

Focusing on achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, we will accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient new energy technology system, strengthen the research and development and large-scale application of technologies such as photovoltaic and wind power, vigorously develop hydrogen energy, break through key technologies such as energy storage and smart grid, enhance the clean utilization, consumption and storage capacity of traditional energy, explore the research and development and application of nuclear energy technology, and strengthen the supporting capacity of key core technology innovation and innovation platform.

1. Hydrogen energy. Research and development of high-efficiency and low-cost electrolytic hydrogen production, comprehensive energy-supplying fuel cells, high purification and application of by-product hydrogen, large-scale hydrogen energy storage and rapid transmission and distribution technology and equipment, and research on large-scale integration technology of hydrogen energy "production-storage-transportation-addition".

2. Photovoltaic. Research and development of high-efficiency crystalline silicon batteries, perovskite and its laminated batteries and copper indium gallium selenide thin film batteries with new structures and materials, preparation technologies and core equipment, new photovoltaic materials and devices, and advanced photovoltaic converters; The technology of high-efficiency shingle and double-sided assembly is studied.

3. Wind power. Research and development of high-power wind turbines and core components such as main control system, blades and gear boxes, and offshore floating wind turbines and core components; Study the system design, engineering and intelligent operation and maintenance technology of high-power wind turbines.

4. store energy. Research and development of new key materials for energy storage batteries, such as positive and negative electrodes, advanced energy storage technology with high safety, long life, low cost and large scale, large-scale energy storage system integration technology, key influencing factors of energy storage battery capacity decline and life prediction technology, and digital intelligent energy storage system monitoring and control technology.

5. Comprehensive energy utilization. Research technologies and equipment such as distributed and centralized renewable energy power generation and grid-connected active support, efficient operation of smart distribution network, efficient integration of smart microgrid, interaction between supply and demand of multiple users, and digital support of energy Internet.

(5) New energy vehicles and intelligent networked vehicles

Focusing on the construction of a powerful automobile country, we will strengthen the research and development of technologies and equipment such as new energy vehicles and intelligent networked vehicles, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies such as new power batteries and management systems, drive motors and power electronics, networking and intelligence, vigorously develop hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, explore unmanned social governance and safety norms, and promote the development of the automobile industry in the direction of electrification, intelligence and networking.

1. New energy vehicle technology. Research high-performance and high-safety power battery and control system, key materials of new system power battery, green and efficient recycling and step utilization technology, fuel battery and its key core components technology, high-efficiency drive motor, automatic gearbox, fuel cell engine and other drive system technologies, and develop technologies and equipment such as vehicle lightweight, control, integration, test evaluation and test verification.

2. Intelligent networked vehicle technology. Research automotive radar, camera, infrared night vision, human-computer interaction and other fusion sensing technologies, high-precision positioning navigation, high-precision map and other positioning navigation technologies, high-order intelligent driving, assisted driving and other decision-making control technologies, research and development of vehicle-to-vehicle network integration technology, vehicle-mounted chip, operating system, information security and other vehicle-mounted computing platform technologies.

(6) New materials

Focusing on the development needs of new materials and petrochemical industry in this city, we will strengthen the layout in the direction of new materials such as electronics, structure, fine chemicals and functions, break through technologies such as high-purity preparation, defect control and microalloying, accelerate the research on advanced electronic materials, rare earth functional materials, high-end alloys, advanced polymers and composite materials, promote the demonstration and application of key technologies of material genetic engineering, build a new material technology innovation system with strong independent innovation capability and significant technical advantages, and provide materials for building a national advanced manufacturing R&D base.

1. Strategic electronic materials. Research on high-purity preparation, micro-defect control and other technologies, and carry out research on large-size silicon single crystal, wide band gap and ultra-wide band gap semiconductor materials, chip packaging materials, new display materials, electronic special gas, photoresist and metal targets that meet advanced processes.

2. Structure and composite materials. Research on lightweight, toughening technology and synergistic improvement technology of strength, toughness and corrosion resistance. Research high-end carbon materials, high-performance fibers and composites, high-performance aluminum/magnesium/titanium materials, tungsten and molybdenum materials, high-strength steel, high-temperature alloys, high-end welding materials and other technologies.

3. Functional and intelligent materials. Study the cross-scale regulation and performance composite technology of functional materials, and promote the technologies of optical functional crystals, superconducting materials, special optical fibers, rare earth permanent magnets/optical functional/catalytic materials, nano materials and so on. Research smart materials such as self-cleaning materials and flame retardant materials.

4. Petroleum and chemical materials. Promote the green and refined development of petrochemical industry, and study technologies such as special engineering plastics, high-end catalysts, special epoxy resins, high-end lubricating oils, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyimide, antioxidants, photoinitiators, silicone and organic fluorine.

5. Material genetic engineering. The new equipment for spectral characterization of Qualcomm mass materials, the control method of composition and structure of Qualcomm mass preparation of materials, the calculation method and software platform of Qualcomm mass, and the correlation analysis between calculation and experimental data are studied, and the demonstration application of key technologies of material genetic engineering is carried out.

(7) Aerospace

Striking around the aviation industry chain in innovation chain, integrating innovative resources based on the existing UAV industry, aiming at the superior aerospace technology, focusing on sorting out the breakthrough "stuck neck" and strategically important technologies. Strive to form a higher-level collaborative innovation system of technology research and development, intelligent manufacturing, testing and verification in the aerospace field of this city, and build a leading international aerospace high-end manufacturing bearing area and a well-known aerospace industrial city at home and abroad.

1. UAVs and helicopters. Research on key technologies such as UAV structure, power, cluster control, and experimental testing, and carry out research on the integration of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing with UAV design, manufacturing, and application technologies.

2. Civil aviation and its supporting facilities. We will study technologies such as the design and manufacture of light aero-engines and special aviation materials, promote the development and production of key technologies for the overall and spare parts of more large aircraft in Tianjin, and deploy supporting technologies for civil aviation in advance.

3. Space technology and applications. Focusing on major national aerospace projects, we will promote the research and development of spacecraft mechanism design, simulation test technology, photoelectric materials, special chips and domestic adaptation software. Develop new methods and technologies in space science and enhance the ability to explore and utilize space.

(VIII) Modern service industry

Carry out research and development and application of collaborative, intelligent and green design technology, and build a number of common technical service platforms. Develop intelligent, nondestructive and rapid detection technologies and products, enhance the supply capacity of inspection and testing services, and improve the quality of development. Develop a new generation of information technologies such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence, and apply demonstrations in industries such as film and television, publishing, entertainment and new media to promote the integration of technology and culture.

Third, promote technological innovation and integrated application of people’s livelihood

(A) modern agriculture

Focusing on the great scientific and technological needs of the green development of modern urban agriculture and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in this city, we will build a socialized service system of agricultural science and technology to provide scientific and technological support for ensuring food security and structural reform of agricultural supply side.

1. Modern seed industry. Focus on the development of basic and public welfare technologies such as biological breeding technology, agricultural germplasm resources protection and excellent germplasm gene mining in the fields of small station rice, vegetables, livestock and poultry, aquatic products, etc., strengthen the breeding and improvement of new varieties, and promote the construction of commercial breeding system.

2. Deep processing and preservation of agricultural products. Focus on the development of new technologies and technologies for deep processing of agricultural products and foods, monitoring technologies for nutritional components during processing, functional food processing technologies, new food processing with balanced nutrition and personalized nutrition, food processing machinery and equipment, storage and preservation, and cold chain logistics.

3. Food safety. Focus on the development of food processing safety monitoring and control technology, food safety risk monitoring technology, food safety rapid detection technology characterized by simplicity, intelligence and digitalization, Qualcomm high-precision quantitative detection technology, non-directional detection technology, traceability and safety control technology supported by big data.

4. Agricultural bio-manufacturing. Innovate new technologies and methods for agricultural biology research, and focus on the development of agricultural biological products such as biological veterinary drugs, biological pesticides, biological fertilizers, biological feeds, genetically engineered vaccines, plant growth regulators, and bio-based materials.

5. Smart agriculture. Establish an agricultural big data platform, focusing on the development of agricultural intelligent production, intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment, agricultural work robots, intelligent LED plant lighting factories, and traceability technology for agricultural product quality and safety information, so as to promote the development of digital villages and smart agriculture.

6. Green water-saving and energy-saving ecological agriculture. Focus on the development of agricultural water saving, agricultural non-point source pollution control, green and livable villages and towns, rural human settlements and other key technology research and demonstration applications.

7. Socialized service system of agricultural science and technology. Strengthen the construction of agricultural science and technology commissioners, promote agricultural science and technology to enter villages and households, promote the construction of "Xingchuang Tiandi" dual-innovation platform, agricultural science and technology park and agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zone, and focus on promoting integrated demonstration application.

(2) Resources and environment

Facing the basic needs of green development and beautiful Tianjin construction, focusing on the core tasks of continuous improvement of ecological environment quality, environmental risk control and ecological safety, as well as the traditional environmental protection management and supervision, we will promote the two-way deep integration of innovation chain and industrial chain with the support of the whole process pollution prevention and control technology system.

1. Prevention and control of air pollution. Focus on the development of regional smog and photochemical smog prevention and control, operational multi-mode ensemble forecasting and early warning comprehensive analysis platform technology, key pollution sources and high-pollution industries multi-pollutant collaborative control and whole-process control coupling technology, and accurately implement air pollution control and treatment technology and engineering demonstration.

2. Field of water pollution prevention and control. Focus on the development of key technologies such as dynamic identification and pollution simulation analysis of water pollution sources, river sediment dredging and sludge treatment and disposal, urban black and odorous water treatment and water ecological function restoration, and intelligent water affairs, and integrate and develop large-scale, mobile, multifunctional and complete sets of treatment equipment and intelligent platforms.

3. Prevention and remediation of soil pollution. Focus on the development of key technologies such as deep stabilization of heavy metal pollution, in-situ thermal desorption extraction and chemical oxidation, enhanced pretreatment of synthetic agents, and resource utilization of contaminated soil, establish key and common remediation technologies for soils with different pollution levels and combined pollution, and scientifically plan the causes and treatment technologies of soil pollution and engineering demonstrations.

4. Solid waste treatment and recycling. Focus on the development of key technologies such as comprehensive utilization of domestic waste, safe disposal of hazardous waste, recycling of electronic waste, and biogas production from organic waste, build an intelligent green trading platform for waste materials, and promote engineering demonstration and industrialization of waste recycling technology.

5. Marine environmental protection. Focus on the development of key technologies such as the traceability of pollutants in Bohai Bay, the control of marine pollutants, the reduction of pollution load in coastal waters, and the comprehensive regulation of pollutants entering the sea, establish a technological innovation center for the utilization of seawater resources, and carry out research and engineering demonstration on three-dimensional monitoring and pollution control technologies in coastal waters.

6. Protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Focus on the development of key technologies such as the protection of coastal wetlands and ecological restoration of degraded wetlands, the maintenance of water quality of urban landscape rivers and residential areas, and the overall improvement of ecological functions of basic ecological spaces, and implement scientific and technological demonstration projects for ecological restoration and governance of national space.

7. peak carbon dioxide emissions is carbon neutral. Support the popularization and application of key renewable energy technologies such as solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy, promote the combination of renewable energy power generation and energy storage technologies, promote the "merger" of resource advantages among various energy systems, focus on key industries and key fields, focus on developing key technologies of pollution reduction and carbon reduction synergy and zero-carbon industrial process reengineering technology, develop carbon capture and carbon storage technology, and realize the green and low-carbon cycle development of high-carbon industries and fields.

(3) Urban construction and public safety

Focus on green energy conservation, smart cities, social governance, emergency early warning, production safety and other fields, innovate ideas, respect public opinion, and ensure the city’s safety and order in all directions.

1. Green energy saving. Focus on the development of innovative technologies in the industrialized assembly building industry, green building materials manufacturing technologies, green building energy-saving technologies, etc., and promote the formation of specialized, large-scale and information-based production bases based on building standard parts.

2. Smart cities. Combined with the development needs of urban management in this city, we will carry out research on smart city construction and application technologies such as smart heating technology, urban water-saving and energy-saving technology and urban operation perception technology based on meteorological forecast and early warning.

3. Social governance. Focus on the development of key information infrastructure, big data security protection, network security defense, network security law enforcement and other network security governance technologies, and promote efficient and safe law enforcement equipment and technology research and development.

4. Emergency warning. Focus on the development of hazardous chemicals accident handling equipment, general rescue equipment, emergency rescue training equipment, and intelligent war trauma simulation training system, involving emergency rescue equipment technologies such as accident rescue, natural disaster rescue, and public medical assistance.

5. Production safety. Combined with the safe operation of the port in this city and the safety production requirements of various industries, the research on fire monitoring, early warning and prevention technology in high-risk places, information integration and command and decision-making technology in fire fighting and rescue site, new generation fire fighting and rescue technology and equipment, fire emergency simulation drill technology, and fire safety management technology based on Internet of Things and cloud computing will be carried out.

(4) Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical medicine.

With the goal of improving people’s health in an all-round way, we will strengthen the innovation and application of monitoring and prevention technologies for common major diseases, chronic diseases and infectious diseases, promote the integrated development of health care and smart medical technology, and strive to build a healthy society.

1. Prevention and treatment of major diseases and infectious diseases. Focus on the development of clinical diagnosis and treatment technologies for major chronic diseases and common frequently-occurring diseases, and real-time rapid detection, diagnosis, medical treatment, monitoring and early warning technologies and equipment for sudden infectious diseases.

2. Health and smart medical care. Focus on the development of intelligent TCM diagnosis and treatment equipment, laboratory medicine and imaging medicine technology, mobile medicine, telemedicine and personalized health management related products and services, non-invasive detection, wearable monitoring, biosensor, health risk factor intervention, behavioral/psychological intervention, prevention and control of common diseases in the elderly and rehabilitation care, medical and nursing support and other technologies and equipment development. Promote the development of rehabilitation medical technologies and products such as rehabilitation treatment, evaluation and prevention.

The third chapter focuses on improving the ability of innovation strategy source

Actively integrate into the strategic layout of national innovation, fully promote the construction of major scientific research facilities and innovation platforms, build Haihe laboratory with high standards, and cultivate strategic scientific and technological strength. Focus on key areas to implement a number of major science and technology projects, and increase efforts to tackle key products and key core technologies.

First, build a strategic scientific and technological force

(1) Layout and construction of major scientific and technological innovation platforms and infrastructure.

Aiming at the national strategic needs, we will accelerate the construction of large-scale earthquake engineering simulation research facilities, a new generation of supercomputers and other platforms to form the ability to undertake major national tasks. Accelerate the construction of an original innovation platform facing the forefront of science and technology, build a high-level platform such as the State Key Laboratory of Component Chinese Medicine and the National Center for Applied Mathematics jointly established by the provincial and ministerial departments, and actively strive to create state key laboratories and chiral science centers such as synthetic biology, new energy conversion and storage, functional crystal materials and devices. Accelerate the construction of national synthetic biotechnology innovation center and national advanced computing industry innovation center, promote the establishment of national advanced operating system manufacturing innovation center, actively build the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei national technology innovation center, promote the construction of national seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization demonstration base, and play its important role in tackling key technologies in industry commonality and enhancing industrial competitiveness. Strive to establish a national clinical medical research center in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine epidemics and nervous system diseases. Give play to the role of a major innovation platform to "build a nest and attract phoenix" and gather and train a group of leading talents and teams in science and technology.

(2) Preparation of Haihe Laboratory

Build Haihe laboratory against the national laboratory, and promote it according to the layout and actual work of the national laboratory. By promoting interdisciplinary integration, we will improve the supply system of common basic technologies and build the core fulcrum of independent innovation and original innovation. By promoting the deep integration of Industry-University-Research, we will improve the efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and create an important source to lead the development of emerging industries. By promoting the gathering of various innovative elements, optimizing the allocation of scientific research forces, and building an open platform for sharing scientific and technological resources. By improving the evaluation mechanism of science and technology, we will expand the autonomy of scientific research and explore a new paradigm for the reform of science and technology system and mechanism.

Column 1 Direction of Key Areas of Haihe Laboratory

Second, enhance the original innovation ability

(A) relying on major innovation platforms to strengthen basic research

Focusing on the advantages of disciplines, relying on the construction of major innovation platforms such as Haihe Laboratory, Key Laboratory, Cross-innovation Center and Frontier Science Center, we will concentrate superior resources, strengthen the construction of basic disciplines, applied disciplines, emerging disciplines and marginal disciplines, promote the cross-integration of disciplines, and give birth to new fields and new paradigms. Integrate superior resources, strive for projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation, and strive to be at the forefront of the country in the fields of brain-computer interaction, chiral science, applied mathematics, synthetic biology, etc., and seize the commanding heights of the basic frontier. Give play to the role of the national applied mathematics center, concise and solve the mathematical problems in the major national scientific and technological tasks and the major needs of regional and industrial development, and promote the docking and integration of mathematics with engineering application and industrialization. Strengthen and improve the existing state key laboratories, promote the laboratories to focus on major frontier issues, carry out basic research and applied basic research, strive to achieve a number of breakthrough achievements in strategic areas, and enhance the source supply capacity leading innovation-driven development.

(B) to promote the integration of basic research and applied research

In order to solve the major scientific problems in the technological development of key industries, we should build a mechanism to condense basic scientific problems from the practice of industrial development, realize the mutual promotion of basic research and applied research, and break through the source and underlying theory of "stuck neck" technology. We will increase investment in basic research, accelerate the formation of a multi-channel investment mechanism with government input as the mainstay and society, and guide and encourage enterprises and social forces to increase investment in basic research. Encourage enterprises and social forces to set up applied basic research funds in various ways, such as joint investment and donation, and implement relevant tax incentives for basic research.

(3) Promote the construction and sharing of basic platforms for science and technology.

Accelerate the construction of the national field scientific observation and research station in the coastal key zone around Bohai Sea, and explore important decision-making suggestions and scientific solutions for the green and coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Docking the national scientific and technological literature infrastructure, facing all kinds of scientific and technological innovation subjects in the city, and building a safe and reliable scientific and technological information resource discovery service platform. Strengthen research on technologies such as data mining and intelligence analysis for scientific and technological information, and improve the ability of deep processing of data and deep integration of information. We will improve the multi-party linkage, open and collaborative service system for open sharing of scientific and technological resources, and strengthen the effective integration of high-quality scientific and technological resources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

Third, comprehensively enhance the ability of independent innovation

(A) to strengthen the core technology research capabilities

Adhere to the demand and problem orientation, focus on key areas, and strengthen the layout in the technical direction of "maintaining the existing advantages", "solving the problem of" sticking the neck "and" seizing the strategic areas in the future ". Focus on basic software and hardware, advanced communication, new functional materials, new energy and intelligent networked vehicles, modern traditional chinese medicine, synthetic biotechnology, high-end medical devices and other key areas, and organize the implementation of major science and technology projects. Actively serve the country’s major strategic needs and actively strive for the implementation of major tasks such as major national science and technology projects and key national R&D plans in Tianjin. Take the way of revealing the list, selecting the best and entrusting the best, relying on leading enterprises, give full play to the role of market mechanism, promote the integrated allocation of major special projects, platforms, talents and funds, overcome a number of key core technologies that are highly dependent on foreign countries, form a number of superior technologies that occupy the forefront of world science and technology, and provide strong support for ensuring the safety and stability of industrial chain supply chain.

(B) to enhance the empowerment of scientific and technological innovation

Strengthen the empowerment of science and technology around the manufacturing industry, make great efforts to promote the improvement of industrial innovation ability focusing on the innovation industry, bio-industry and high-end equipment manufacturing, deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain, produce a number of landmark achievements, create innovative application scenarios, promote the accelerated iteration of technological innovation and the rapid industrialization and large-scale application of achievements, and support and lead the industry to move towards the middle and high end. Strengthen the support of artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of Things, big data, green manufacturing and other technologies for the transformation and upgrading of traditional advantageous industries such as aerospace, petrochemical industry and automobile industry.

The fourth chapter focuses on improving the innovation system

Strengthen the main position of enterprise innovation, and promote enterprises to become the main body of technological innovation decision-making, R&D investment, scientific research organization and achievement transformation. Strengthen the cultivation of innovative enterprises and high-tech enterprise groups, give play to the important role of entrepreneurs in technological innovation, and encourage enterprises to increase investment in research and development. Improve the service efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship incubation platform and expand the scale of scientific and technological entrepreneurship groups. Enhance the innovation strength of colleges and universities and support the construction of research universities. Focus on attracting national-level courtyards.

First, strengthen the dominant position of enterprise innovation

(A) the implementation of the national high-tech enterprise multiplication action plan

According to the idea of "preserving quantity, promoting increment, cultivating seedlings, introducing excellent seedlings and building ecology", we will promote the "multi-database linkage" between the high-tech enterprise cultivation database and the enterprise registration information database and intellectual property database, and guide talents, services, policies and capital to gather in high-tech enterprises according to the working mechanism of selection+warehousing+cultivation+identification. Adhere to the direction of solving the problems of high-tech enterprises, implement the action of accurately finding seedlings and raising seedlings, build an industrial innovation chain where high-tech enterprises gather, and promote high-tech enterprises to become the main force of innovation ecology.

(B) Vigorously promote the gradient cultivation of high-growth enterprises

Establish a gradient cultivation mechanism of "young eagle-gazelle-leader", strengthen the cultivation of unicorn enterprises, and strengthen accurate support in application scenarios and data support. Establish a regular publishing mechanism for enterprise lists, and guide financial capital and social resources to support enterprise development through regular publishing by third parties. Cultivate a number of innovative leading enterprises in key areas, encourage them to increase investment in basic research and applied basic research, and play an important role in building strategic scientific and technological strength and undertaking major scientific and technological tasks.

(3) Further promoting scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship

Strengthen the linkage between cities and districts, build a national-level dual-innovation demonstration base at a high level, and create incubation carriers such as creative space, incubators, small and micro-enterprise entrepreneurial innovation demonstration bases, college students’ entrepreneurial incubation bases, and innovative carriers of overseas talents. We will continue to hold events such as "Innovation Week", Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition and "Maker China" to further enhance the "heat" and "concentration" of innovation and entrepreneurship. Give full play to the role of platform-based resource linking and integration of large enterprises, and strive to promote open innovation and fission entrepreneurship of enterprises. Vigorously promote frontier technology entrepreneurship in colleges and universities, promote subversive technology and product iteration, strengthen application demonstration and scene innovation, and incubate new products, new enterprises and new formats.

(D) Promote the concentration of innovation elements to enterprises

Increase the layout of technological innovation and service platforms in enterprises, support qualified enterprises to integrate resources to form common technology platforms or scientific and technological innovation bases, and strengthen the research and development of common key technologies (services) and the cultivation of industrial chains. Give play to the important role of entrepreneurs in technological innovation, encourage and guide entrepreneurs to participate in scientific and technological decision-making, carry out innovative research and undertake major scientific and technological tasks. Increase the support for R&D investment of enterprises, and implement the policy of increasing the deduction ratio of R&D expenses. Implement the tax policies for venture capital enterprises and angel investment individuals to invest in seed and start-up technology-based enterprises. Promote the construction of an enterprise-led innovation ecosystem, support leading enterprises to co-ordinate upstream and downstream innovation resources in the industry, and take the lead in forming a systematic and task-based innovation consortium.

Second, improve the innovation ability of colleges and universities

(A) efforts to enhance the innovative ability of colleges and universities

Adhere to the trinity of talent training, discipline construction and scientific and technological innovation, further optimize the layout of scientific research system in colleges and universities, and support the construction of high-level research universities. Support universities to build scientific research infrastructure, key laboratories, school-enterprise joint laboratories and other innovative platforms, undertake major scientific and technological tasks of national and regional development, and strive to form new competitive advantages in the forefront of science and technology and industrial development. Encourage colleges and universities to carry out interdisciplinary collaborative research for the development trend of disciplines, and deploy and build a number of cross-innovation centers around key areas. Guide colleges and universities to serve regional economic development, establish a linkage mechanism between talent training, scientific and technological innovation and industrial development, and transform scientific research and talent advantages into new kinetic energy for regional development.

(B) efforts to enhance the innovation strength of scientific research institutions

Encourage the central scientific research institutes in Tianjin to strengthen cooperation and resource integration, build a major innovation platform, attract top talent teams, undertake major national strategic tasks, and build a number of first-class scientific research institutions. Efforts will be made to attract state-level compound universities, promote the establishment of branches in Tianjin by the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the China Academy of Medical Sciences, and introduce a number of scientific research institutions such as the Hydrogeological Environment Investigation Center of the China Geological Survey. Deepen the reform and development of municipal scientific research institutions, establish and improve the classification evaluation system of scientific research institutions, expand the autonomy of scientific research institutions, promote the reform of mixed ownership of applied and transformed scientific research institutions, and promote the large-scale brand development of scientific research institutions. Encourage scientific research institutions to implement multiple distribution mechanisms such as annual salary system, agreed salary and project salary for high-level talents. Encourage all kinds of enterprises, colleges and universities to build various forms of new research and development institutions, and build a market-oriented operation mechanism with demand orientation, independent operation, independent accounting, indefinite preparation and indefinite level.

Third, optimize the layout of the scientific and technological innovation platform system

(A) to promote the construction of scientific and technological innovation platform

Adhere to the combination of demand orientation and discipline orientation, carry out the optimization and integration of municipal laboratories, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and increase support for outstanding municipal key laboratories. Focusing on major original innovations and key core technologies, we will strive to build a multi-level, wide-ranging and distinctive laboratory system. Around the construction and improvement of modern industrial technology system, support the construction of a number of technological innovation centers, industrial innovation centers, manufacturing innovation centers, engineering research centers, etc., and form a technological innovation platform system with step development, multiple synergies and deep integration of Industry-University-Research. Encourage enterprises, universities and colleges to participate in global scientific and technological innovation cooperation, build joint laboratories with countries and regions along the Belt and Road, and support enterprises to establish overseas R&D centers. Optimize the public science and technology service platform system such as technical research, inspection and testing, quality standards and large-scale instruments, and improve the basic support and shared service capabilities.

(2) Improve the system and mechanism for the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms.

By strengthening the co-construction of ministries and cities, cooperation between central and local governments, regional cooperation, cooperation between districts and schools, and cooperation between schools and enterprises, we will integrate innovative superior resources and promote the construction of various scientific and technological innovation platforms. Give play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of innovative resources, adhere to market dominance and government guidance, establish a diversified investment mechanism combining financial funds with social capital, and improve the performance-oriented and dynamic adjustment classification evaluation mechanism.

Chapter V Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and the Construction of Supporting System

Adhere to the principle of "building a career by using", strengthen the construction of industrialization carriers for the transformation of achievements, such as university science parks, industrial technology research institutes and demonstration zones for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. Improve the service system for the transfer and transformation of achievements, break through the obstacles and difficulties in the transformation of achievements, and promote the market-oriented flow of technical factors.

First, strengthen the construction of industrialization carrier of achievement transformation

(A) comprehensively promote the construction of university science parks

Fully implement the guidance of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on accelerating the construction of Tianjin University Science Park and the three-year action plan (2021-2023) for the construction of Tianjin University Science Park. Give full play to the "double subject" role of universities and their districts, promote the linkage of "university campus, science and technology park and urban community", and explore the innovation of management mode and operation mechanism. Relying on the advantages of colleges and universities, combined with the development orientation and industrial layout of the area, we will build university science parks in the modes of "one school, one park", "one school, many parks" and "many schools, one park", and build university science parks with regional characteristics in the resource-intensive areas of colleges and universities. Encourage qualified scientific research institutes to build their own science parks or participate in university science parks. Support Beijing-Hebei universities to build university science park branches in this city. Support Binhai New Area to strengthen cooperation with universities and promote the construction of "Twin Cities". Make the University Science Park the "first stop" for the transformation of university achievements, the "core incubator" for regional innovation and entrepreneurship and the "cradle" for emerging industries.

(B) efforts to promote the construction of industrial technology research institutes

Strengthen the linkage between cities and districts, give further play to the main role of construction in each district, promote the close connection between the innovative resources of the Industrial Technology Research Institute and the industries in each district around the leading industries and technical needs, and give full play to the functions of the Industrial Technology Research Institute in gathering resources, technology supply, transformation and incubation, talent transportation, etc., so as to achieve win-win cooperation and sharing. Support the provision of key common technologies, product prototypes, production processes, equipment and other technological achievements to the society, accelerate the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and enhance self-hematopoietic capacity. Promote the internal entrepreneurship of the Industrial Technology Research Institute, and spawn a number of scientific and technological enterprises.

Promote the construction of national and municipal demonstration zones for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, create a highland for the transformation of achievements, and promote regional innovation and development from point to area. Give full play to the advantages of regional scientific and technological resources and industrial resources, and form a number of new models of achievement transfer and transformation with local characteristics and demonstration and popularization through pioneering and testing. Accelerate the construction of "Science and Technology Innovation China" pilot city, form a long-term mechanism for deep integration of service technology and economy, build a professional service system, open up channels for sinking technology, talents and resources at home and abroad, and introduce innovative resources from China Association for Science and Technology to serve key industries and regional economic development.

Second, improve the service ability of industrialization of achievements transformation

(A) get through the difficulties in implementing the achievement transformation policy.

We will further promote the innovation of the system and mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities, and establish a performance evaluation system that is conducive to promoting the transformation of achievements. Encourage colleges and universities to fully implement the reform of the right to use, dispose of and benefit from scientific and technological achievements, and give the achievements-completers the ownership or long-term use right of scientific and technological achievements. Promote the transformation of post scientific and technological achievements into cash reward tax policies. Implement the due diligence exemption system, and those who have fulfilled their due diligence obligations in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements will not make negative comments.

(B) to build a high-level technology transfer system

Taking the municipal scientific and technological achievements trading platform as the core, we will develop four types of technology transfer institutions, including regions, universities, colleges, industries and services, and build a technology transfer network that is interconnected with domestic and foreign technology markets. Establish a library of scientific and technological achievements and a library of enterprise technical requirements, create a market-oriented flow platform for scientific and technological achievements such as scientific and technological achievements display and trading, supply and demand docking, and achievement financing, and promote the market-oriented flow of technological factors. Carry out the brand activity of "Qiao Jinmen with Scientific and Technological Achievements". Establish a multi-level training system for transferred talents and promote the construction of professional talents. Promote the construction of concept verification centers in colleges and universities and give play to the role of enterprise science and technology commissioners. Encourage enterprises to build a pilot ripening base for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and cultivate a number of demonstration enterprises for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

The sixth chapter strengthens the open collaborative innovation led by Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.

Give play to the role of advanced manufacturing R&D base, focus on the agglomeration and interaction of various scientific and technological innovation elements, promote the double-chain integration of innovation chain industrial chain, further promote the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community, create an important source of independent innovation and the main source of original innovation, and build a regional innovation center with national influence. Optimize the spatial pattern of scientific and technological innovation, and build a number of scientific and technological innovation gathering areas and innovative symbol areas with prominent leading industries around the advantages of science, education, industry and location in each district. Coordinate the promotion of regional scientific and technological cooperation, actively integrate into the global innovation network and the "Belt and Road" scientific and technological innovation community, and promote the formation of an open and collaborative innovation pattern.

I. Deepening the Construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Innovation Community

(A) into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei science and technology innovation system

Actively integrate into the construction of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center and the innovation and development of xiong’an new area, and jointly build a national innovation infrastructure and a national science and technology innovation base. We will build a number of industrial technology alliances, industrial technology innovation platforms and public service platforms to undertake the application and transformation of Beijing’s basic research and original achievements in this city. Promote universities, colleges and innovative leading enterprises in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to optimize and integrate innovative resources, strengthen the integration of industrial chains in innovation chain around key industrial fields, and build innovative industrial clusters. Promote the synergy and interaction of science and technology innovation policies, and strengthen the mechanisms of high-tech enterprise qualification, mutual recognition of science and technology innovation vouchers and sharing of large scientific research instruments. Promote the sharing of scientific and technological information resources and establish a sharing mechanism for scientific and technological data, scientific and technological talents and scientific and technological achievements in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

(B) to promote the construction of regional innovation networks

Realize interconnection with Beijing and Hebei technology transfer institutions, give play to the role of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei scientific and technological achievements transformation alliance, set up Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei scientific and technological achievements transformation fund, make good use of SDIC Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei scientific and technological achievements transformation venture capital fund, attract high-level achievements of state-level colleges and universities to Tianjin for transformation, and promote cross-regional financing and cooperation of technical factors. Actively integrate into the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei National Technology Innovation Center, continue to deepen cooperation with China Academy of Sciences, China Academy of Engineering, Tsinghua University, Peking University, etc., and drive Industry-University-Research to tackle key problems with cross-regional and cross-disciplinary cooperation of various innovative entities.

(3) Promote the deep integration of regional innovation chain and industrial chain.

Focusing on the development of "Jincheng" and "Binhai", we will promote the formation of scientific and technological innovation and development zones with reasonable layout, dense elements, excellent environment and strong vitality from Zhongguancun in Beijing to Binhai in Tianjin, accelerate the innovation and development of important nodes such as universities and science parks, build Beijing-Tianjin collaborative innovation centers such as Binhai-Zhongguancun Science Park and Baodi Beijing-Tianjin Zhongguancun Science and Technology City, and support Dongli, Jinnan, Beichen and Jinghai to build Beijing-Tianjin micro-innovation centers. Deepen the scientific and technological cooperation of "Tongwu Gallery". Promote the joint development of Beijing and Tianjin National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Development Experimental Zones.

Column 2 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center

Second, create a new pattern of innovation space

(A) the construction of scientific and technological innovation mark area

Around the national strategy and the development needs of key industries, relying on various districts and functional areas, we will establish an integrated and coordinated development model of "innovation platform+enterprise incubation+industrial park", create an excellent industrial innovation ecology, and create a number of innovative symbol areas with themes and souls.

Column 3 Create a number of innovative sign areas

(B) to create a gathering area for scientific and technological innovation

Relying on the innovation resources and endowment foundation of each district, we will strive to build a number of innovation gathering areas with rich scientific and technological elements, rich innovation concentration, leading innovation and strong driving force. Relying on Nankai District, Tianjin University and Nankai University, we will work together to build a sailing innovative industrial zone. Relying on the construction of the national dual-innovation demonstration base in Dongli District, we will build a research and development industry cluster and a demonstration zone for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Deepen the innovation of the system and mechanism of Haihe Education Park, speed up the deep integration of Industry-University-Research, and build a "Tianjin Wisdom Valley". Focusing on the advantages of science and education resources and technological innovation, we will promote Hongqiao, Xiqing, Beichen and Baodi to create innovative gathering areas with regional characteristics.

(3) Promote the construction of national independent innovation demonstration zones with high quality.

Focus on the positioning goal of "innovation main body gathering area, industrial development leading area, transformation and upgrading leading area and open innovation demonstration area" given by the State Council, promote the gathering of high-growth, high-tech and high-value enterprises, build an innovative industrial cluster with Xinchuang industry as the primary industry, build a high-energy scientific and technological innovation platform, gather high-end industrial innovative talents, improve the scientific and technological service system, and explore the development of "double self-linkage" (the linkage development of national independent innovation demonstration zone and free trade pilot zone) Consolidate the achievements of the reform of statutory institutions in Binhai High-tech Zone, further promote reform and innovation, and constantly improve the innovative policy system such as "creating a pass" to create a first-class business environment that is livable, suitable for business and suitable for creation.

(D) High standards to promote the construction of artificial intelligence experimental areas

Accelerate the research and development of related technologies of the new generation of artificial intelligence, focus on the application of autonomous computing engine, smart port and vehicle networking, promote the major application scenarios of urban management, intelligent transportation, autonomous computing and vehicle networking, build a national benchmark area for smart city construction, a national pilot area for autonomous computing engine, a national demonstration area for smart port and a national pilot area for vehicle networking application, and build a number of new landmarks of artificial intelligence to promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence and economic and social development.

Third, strengthen open innovation at home and abroad

(1) Promoting regional scientific and technological cooperation as a whole.

Focusing on the needs of industrial innovation in this city, we will promote the twinning and co-construction of interregional parks, joint research of projects, collaborative joint construction of platforms, and open sharing of resources. Deepen cooperation among ministries, municipalities, colleges and universities. Support well-known domestic enterprises and universities to set up R&D platforms in Tianjin. Encourage enterprises and universities in this city to take the lead in forming and participating in cross-regional industrial technology innovation alliances. Support major innovation platforms to innovate operational mechanisms and carry out scientific research cooperation with foreign enterprises and scientific research institutions. Strengthen scientific and technological counterpart support and assistance to Xinjiang, Tibet, Gansu and other places.

(2) Strengthening international cooperation in scientific and technological innovation.

Promote the implementation of more open, inclusive and mutually beneficial international scientific and technological cooperation, explore new modes and paths of international cooperation, and deepen the "Belt and Road" international scientific and technological cooperation. Deepen cooperation with Northern Europe in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, creative design and clean energy technology, and strengthen scientific and technological cooperation with Russia, Israel, Italy, Japan and other countries and regions. Relying on international high-end forums such as World Intelligence Congress and Summer Davos Forum, we will attract global innovation resources and promote scientific and technological humanities exchanges. Encourage leading scientific and technological enterprises to strengthen the global R&D layout, and set up overseas R&D promotion centers and Sino-foreign joint research centers. Encourage universities and scientific research institutions with advantages to undertake key projects of intergovernmental international scientific and technological cooperation and international aid projects. Relying on various strategic scientific and technological forces to build an international technical cooperation network and encourage powerful institutions to participate in the implementation of international scientific plans and projects.

Chapter VII Building a Highland for Talent Gathering

Carry out the policy of respecting labor, knowledge, talents and creativity, build an upgraded version of Haihe Talents Action Plan, vigorously introduce high-level talents at home and abroad, increase the training of outstanding talents, industry leaders and highly skilled talents, cultivate outstanding young scientific and technological talents, strengthen the combination of talents and education, and pay attention to cultivating students’ innovative consciousness and ability. Deepen the reform of talent development system and mechanism, and improve the innovation incentive and guarantee mechanism.

First, accelerate the gathering of high-end talents

(A) vigorously attract high-end talents at home and abroad

Adhere to the combination of long-term employment and flexible introduction, and vigorously introduce high-level talents at home and abroad. Gather high-end innovative talents and teams around the catalogue of high-end talents in short supply and the map of scientific and technological innovative talents. We will build an upgraded version of the action plan of "Haihe Talents", unblock the channels for the introduction of young people and talents in short supply, and promote the mode of "enterprises put forward lists and the government takes orders" for talents urgently needed by national high-tech enterprises. Support Binhai New Area to build a special talent zone, promote the establishment of a through train system for foreign affairs examination and approval, further promote the construction of offshore innovation and entrepreneurship bases for overseas talents, support and encourage foreign high-end talents to apply for permanent residence in China, and build an international talent gathering area.

(B) to strengthen multi-level personnel training

In-depth implementation of the outstanding talent training plan, focusing on selecting and training a group of academicians’ reserve talents, selecting and training thousands of outstanding young scientific and technological talents, and creating more world-class scientific and technological leaders and innovative teams. Increase the support of young talents to promote the development of more college graduates staying in Tianjin. Promote universities, research institutes and enterprises to jointly build postdoctoral workstations and attract more doctors to gather in Tianjin. Innovate the talent training mechanism and talent evaluation and employment system in colleges and universities, actively carry out "order-based" training, and promote talent training in colleges and universities to serve more scientific and technological innovation and industrial development. Strengthen the training of industry leaders and accelerate the work of innovation and entrepreneurship alliances for top ten industrial talents such as drones and new materials. Strengthen the training of high-skilled talents such as "Haihe craftsmen", build a team of high-quality skilled talents, and train more craftsmen from big countries. Carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit, strengthen the construction of the entrepreneurial team, and build an entrepreneurial team with distinctive characteristics of the times, national characteristics and world standards.

Second, fully stimulate the vitality of talents

(A) innovative talent evaluation methods

Improve the evaluation system of scientific and technological talents oriented to innovation ability, quality, effectiveness and contribution. Deepen the reform of the professional title system and give employers and industry organizations the main position in talent evaluation. Broaden the channels for evaluating professional titles of private enterprises. Implement evaluation methods such as representative evaluation, and appropriately extend the evaluation cycle of basic research talents and young talents.

(2) Improve the innovation incentive and guarantee mechanism.

We will build a revenue distribution mechanism that fully reflects the value of innovative elements such as knowledge and technology, and improve the rights sharing mechanism of scientific research personnel’s job inventions. Guided by market value, strengthen talent incentives, take scientific research projects as a link and industrial cooperation as a bridge, promote the two-way flow of scientific and technological talents, support scientific researchers to leave their posts and start businesses, and enterprises to develop talents to serve in colleges and universities, so as to realize the sharing, orderly flow and virtuous circle of talent resources.

Third, continue to optimize the talent environment

Support the talent team to carry the project "transplanting with soil", implement the "project+team" service model, and provide personalized services for the talent team. Give play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of human resources, strengthen the radiation-driven role of national human resources service industrial parks, accelerate the cultivation of a number of leading human resources service enterprises in the fields of headhunting, management consulting and service outsourcing, and provide customized services such as high-end talent search, selection and recommendation, and introduction training for employers and talents. Establish a team of professional talent service specialists, provide active service, accurate service and extended service, improve supporting service guarantee measures, help solve practical problems of housing, children’s education, medical care and other talents, and make Tianjin a hot spot for all kinds of talents to innovate and start businesses and realize their dreams.

Chapter VIII Creating an Excellent Innovation Ecology

Deepen the reform of scientific and technological innovation system and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological management functions from R&D management to innovative services. Improve project management and investment, and build a key core technology attack and emergency mechanism. Strengthen the legal protection of scientific and technological innovation and strengthen the application of intellectual property rights and technical standards. Vigorously carry forward the scientific spirit, strengthen the construction of study style and work style, improve the scientific research integrity system, promote the in-depth development of popular science in the whole region, and create a social atmosphere that advocates innovation.

First, improve the macro-management system of science and technology

(A) improve the scientific and technological innovation decision-making and coordination mechanism

We will implement the requirements of "grasping strategy, grasping reform, grasping planning and grasping service", accelerate the transformation of science and technology management functions from R&D management to innovative services, and enhance the ability of science and technology governance in setting strategies, principles, policies, creating environment and improving services. Strengthen the construction of macro-decision-making mechanism, give full play to the role of scientific and technological innovation think tank, and improve the service mechanism of scientific and technological information and statistics. Improve the overall coordination mechanism of scientific and technological innovation, and strengthen the coordination of various departments in planning, policy promotion and project implementation. Strengthen the linkage between cities and districts through the joint construction of the working mechanism between the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and the people’s governments of all districts, and form a joint effort to promote the implementation of major tasks. Give full play to the positive role of enterprises, universities, associations and other innovative subjects, and form a new pattern of multi-participation, collaborative and efficient science and technology management.

(B) further promote the reform of scientific and technological evaluation

Deepen the reform of project evaluation, talent evaluation and institutional evaluation, and implement the main responsibility of evaluation reform of scientific research units. We will promote the classified evaluation of scientific research activities and deepen the reform of the tracking and classified evaluation system for basic research, applied research and technology development projects. Improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements and encourage the output of high-quality scientific and technological achievements. Reform and improve the science and technology award system and establish mechanisms such as open nomination. Promote scientific research institutes to implement articles of association management according to laws and regulations, and give scientific research institutes and leading talents greater scientific research autonomy. Encourage new R&D institutions to explore institutional breakthroughs in operating mechanism, achievement transformation and personnel training.

(3) Strengthening the supervision system of science and technology

Constantly enhance the standardization and scientificity of scientific and technological supervision, establish a supervision and management mechanism of prior commitment, in-process supervision and after-the-fact performance evaluation, strengthen the main responsibility of legal persons, establish a random inspection and special evaluation system, strengthen supervision and inspection of scientific and technological projects, and further optimize the supervision and management of scientific research.

Second, improve the management mechanism of science and technology projects

(A) to establish a scientific and reasonable project organization.

Follow the laws of scientific research and technological innovation, deepen the reform of science and technology plan management, adapt to the needs of different research tasks and organizational paradigms, and form a project classification management mechanism. Comprehensive use of open competition, directional entrustment and other ways to explore new forms of project organization. Establish a scientific and technological project selection mechanism mainly determined by the market, explore and optimize the project team selection method, improve the scientific and technological investment model combining stable support with competitive funds, and improve the performance management mechanism in line with scientific research laws. Give full play to the role of third-party professional organizations in project process management, and improve professional management level and service efficiency.

(B) to build a technical attack and emergency mechanism

In the process of promoting the layout of scientific and technological research and development and tackling key technical problems, we will improve and explore the mechanism of tackling key technical problems and emergency response. For strategic tasks such as major science and technology projects, the management methods such as "unveiling the list system+milestones" will be implemented. For the scientific research tasks facing the needs of enterprises, we should improve the competition and crowdsourcing of scientific research, and explore the task management methods such as "reward system incentives" and "racing first". Focus on public health, major disasters and other major emergency scientific and technological needs, establish a rapid response and emergency support mechanism for major emergencies, and improve the mechanism and organizational system for disease prevention and control and public health scientific research combined with peacetime and wartime.

Increase financial investment in science and technology, optimize expenditure structure, fully implement budget performance management, and improve the efficiency of capital use. Give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, guide and encourage enterprises and social forces to increase investment in science and technology, and accelerate the establishment and improvement of a diversified, multi-level and multi-channel investment system in science and technology. Guide the whole society’s investment in science and technology to basic research and applied research, and increase the proportion of basic research and applied research funds in the whole society’s research and experimental development (R&D) expenditure. Expand the channels for social investment in scientific and technological innovation.

Third, optimize the environment for scientific and technological innovation

(A) improve the system of laws and regulations.

Improve the system of laws and policies on scientific and technological innovation, and revise and formulate relevant laws and regulations on scientific and technological innovation in a timely manner according to the new situation. Implement the national and municipal laws and regulations on scientific and technological progress, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and popularize science, and increase publicity and popularization. Promote administration according to law in the field of scientific and technological innovation, and safeguard and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all parties in scientific and technological innovation. Strengthen the coordination and convergence of policies of various departments such as science and technology, industry and information technology, education, people’s society and state-owned assets.

(B) improve the financial support innovation system

Form an equity investment system with active capital accumulation. Set up angel parent fund, encourage powerful universities, institutes and parks to set up venture capital funds, and form a "special investment+angel investment+venture capital+industrial investment" equity investment system covering the whole life cycle of science and technology enterprises. We will implement the listing and cultivation project of science and technology enterprises, and jointly set up Tianjin base with Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Shanghai Stock Exchange and New Third Board to promote more science and technology enterprises to land in the capital market. Establish a science and technology credit system with convenient and efficient financing. Support and encourage financial institutions to establish franchises for technology enterprises, innovate financial products, shorten the examination and approval process, improve the tolerance of non-performing loans of small and medium-sized technology enterprises, increase the support of technology guarantees, explore the development of technology insurance, technology leasing, intellectual property rights and debt receivable pledge financing, and broaden the functional application and application scope of free trade accounts (FT accounts). Create a regional service brand in technology and finance and improve the service system in technology and finance. We will build a number of professional docking service platforms in technology and finance, and carry out special technology and finance training and docking roadshows.

(3) Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights and the application of technical standards

Promote the high-quality creation of intellectual property rights and cultivate a group of enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and core competitiveness. Strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights and promote the "three-in-one" trial mechanism reform of intellectual property rights civil, criminal and administrative cases. Strengthen the use of intellectual property rights, support Binhai New Area and Dongli District to build high-level pilot cities of the national intellectual property operation service system, promote the financing of intellectual property pledge, and promote the transformation and application of more innovative achievements. Give full play to the role of China (Tianjin) Intellectual Property Protection Center and China (Binhai New Area) Intellectual Property Protection Center. Support institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, enterprises and other social organizations to take the lead or participate in the drafting and revision of various standards to form a standard system with independent intellectual property rights.

(D) to strengthen the style of study.

Strengthen the construction of study style and work style, vigorously carry forward the spirit of scientists, and tell the stories of scientists well. Create a good innovation culture atmosphere that respects innovation, talents, knowledge and tolerance of failure. Comprehensively strengthen the propaganda of scientific and technological innovation in the new era, and enhance the whole society’s understanding of Tianjin’s scientific and technological innovation and development. Strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity, improve the construction of scientific research integrity information system, strengthen the joint disciplinary mechanism of scientific and technological circles, improve the credit information sharing mechanism with municipal credit information platforms and other social fields, and create a good scientific research environment.

(E) Promote the in-depth development of global science popularization.

Adhere to the popularization of science as important as scientific and technological innovation, and promote the in-depth development of popular science in the whole region. We will implement coordinated action in all areas of global science popularization, further improve the global science popularization laws and policies system, improve the global science popularization working mechanism, continue to carry out key science popularization activities, and build professional science popularization brands. Improve the supply capacity of popular science resources, and establish an online and offline collection, review, release and evaluation mechanism for popular science products. Implement the territorial responsibility of global science popularization, vigorously implement the project of benefiting the people by science popularization, and improve the overall level of grassroots science popularization position construction and grassroots science popularization service ability. Strengthen the construction of popular science venues, infrastructure and informatization, start the construction of the new Tianjin Science and Technology Museum, and complete the construction of the modern science and technology museum system in Tianjin. Further promote the all-media wisdom communication of popular science and continuously enrich the channels of popular science communication. Vigorously cultivate the team of popular science talents, implement the scientific quality action of key groups, and comprehensively improve the scientific quality of citizens.

Chapter IX Strengthening the Guarantee of Planning Implementation

First, adhere to the leadership of the party

Insist on arming the mind with the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, guide practice and promote work, thoroughly study and implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on scientific and technological innovation, strengthen the Party’s leadership over scientific and technological work and the top-level design of scientific and technological innovation, and comprehensively promote the deployment of major decisions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on scientific and technological innovation and the deployment requirements of the municipal party committee and municipal government. Guided by the party’s political construction, we will strictly manage the party’s main responsibility and supervision responsibility in an all-round way, and comprehensively improve the quality of party building in the science and technology system.

Second, strengthen organization and coordination

Under the overall organization of the municipal leading group for science and technology, we will give full play to the functions of the leading group for the development of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in the city and the special group for the reform of the scientific and technological system of the comprehensive deepening reform Committee of the municipal party Committee. To improve the policy coordination and work coordination mechanism, all districts, departments and units should closely coordinate and cooperate, improve the working mechanism, carefully organize and implement, strengthen coordinated promotion, and promote the formation of a strong joint force for planning and implementation.

Third, optimize the operation mechanism

Strengthen the leading role of planning in the layout of scientific and technological tasks and resource allocation, and build an effective linkage mechanism between planning and task integration. Strengthen the organic connection between the annual plan and the planning and deployment, and incorporate the main indicators and tasks into the annual work focus. Carry out dynamic monitoring of planning implementation, adjust planning indicators and key tasks in time according to the monitoring and evaluation results, and take the monitoring and evaluation results as an important basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving science and technology management.

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Many places intensively promote housing consumption, and ＂Xiaoyangchun＂ is coming？

Recently, two local conferences have been held one after another. The government work reports of several cities have deployed the housing or real estate market, and most of them mentioned supporting housing to improve consumption. The fundamentals of the property market are changing.

At the same time, the transaction volume of the property market rose sharply in February. This has also changed people’s expectations of the real estate market situation — — Will the property market heat up rapidly, and the volume and price will rise together?

Intensive promotion of housing consumption in various places

On February 28th, the report on the work of Chengdu Municipal Government was released, proposing to adhere to the principle of "housing without speculation", support the rigid and improved housing needs of new citizens, young people and families with many children, further optimize the financial service policy, support the reasonable financing needs of the industry, and promote the smooth transition of the real estate industry to a new development model.

On February 27th, at the Chengdu Economic Operation Dispatching Meeting in January-February, 2023, Wang Fengchao, Mayor of Chengdu, stressed the need to comprehensively grasp the steady growth of key areas, and the second aspect was to do a good job in boosting consumption, including "better releasing the rigid and improved housing demand".

Not only in Chengdu, but also in local government work reports, the expressions about housing or real estate market can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to support the rigid and improved housing needs of new citizens and young people, and the other is to support or expand housing consumption.

Among them, some cities put forward more detailed policies and measures for the real estate market in government work reports, and clearly put forward the optimization and adjustment of existing policies.

The work report of Zhengzhou Municipal Government clearly puts forward that 12 policies and measures to support the stable and healthy development of the real estate market in Zhengzhou City should be implemented, the restricted areas should be appropriately adjusted, commercial housing for sale should be supported by group purchase, the residents of new citizens’ metropolitan area should be treated equally in purchasing houses, rent and purchase should be promoted simultaneously, the credit burden of purchasing houses should be reduced, and measures such as recognizing houses and refusing loans should be implemented, and activities such as 20% discount for talents and new citizens should be carried out to solve the housing problems of young talents, new citizens and other groups, and promote housing consumption steadily.

The work report of Xi ‘an Municipal Government devoted a section to "promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market". It is required to adhere to the orientation of "housing without speculation", further optimize the housing policy, support rigid and improved housing demand, standardize the development of long-term rental market, and promote the smooth transition of the real estate industry to a new development model. Continue to solve the problem of "difficulty in obtaining a permit" for housing. Resolutely fight the tough battle of "guaranteeing the delivery of the building" and ensure that more than 80% of the postponed projects will be delivered during the year. We will carry out a three-year campaign to solve the problem of "relocation difficulties" and vigorously promote the construction of resettlement buildings and resettlement work. Newly build 20,000 sets (rooms) of affordable rental housing to solve the housing problems of new citizens and young people.

Changchun has deployed the real estate market from two directions: promoting the healthy development of pillar industries and focusing on stimulating consumer demand, some of which are more powerful than other cities.

The work report of Changchun Municipal Government proposes to promote the healthy development of key pillar industries. Among them, vigorously develop the real estate industry, relieve the difficulties of high-quality housing enterprises, and meet reasonable financing needs. Strive for national special loans to speed up the pilot project of commercial housing destocking, and buy commercial housing by the government for shantytown renovation and relocation, affordable housing and rental housing.

In addition, Changchun will focus on stimulating consumer demand. We introduced new policies to promote real estate, continued to implement policies such as farmers entering cities, subsidies for talents to buy houses, and "transferring business to public", built real estate trading centers, and continued to hold housing fairs. The sales area of commercial housing exceeded 5.5 million square meters.

Yan Yuejin, research director of Yiju Research Institute, told CBN that the references to housing consumption are frequent in various places, which also reflects the government’s emphasis on housing demand and housing consumption. The housing purchase policy may be further relaxed, but this looseness cannot be understood as intensive introduction of policies. There are already many existing policies, and we should focus on digesting existing policies.

Liu Lu, a professor at Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, told CBN that the "first suite" home purchase has always been the key object of policy support. For the purchase of more than three houses, previous property market regulation policies are basically more restrictive. The second suite between the two clearly shows the attitude of "reasonable support", which is actually the embodiment of the people’s consumption upgrade in the housing field and the objective demand for improving the quality of living.

In fact, since last year, the property market regulation policies in various cities have been continuously loosened.

According to the statistics of the Central Finger Research Institute, since 2023, nearly 90 provinces and cities (counties) have optimized and adjusted their real estate policies, and introduced control measures over 100 times. According to preliminary statistics, 49 policies have been issued in 46 provinces, cities and counties in February, and the market in many places has warmed up, and the wait-and-see mood of hot cities has improved. Many places have implemented the dynamic regulation mechanism of the first home loan interest rate policy, and more than 30 cities have reduced the lower limit of the first home loan interest rate to below 4%.

Will the property market heat up rapidly?

Under the influence of a series of policies, the real estate market situation is changing, and "Xiaoyangchun" seems to be coming.

According to the data of the Central Finger Research Institute, the transaction volume of the property market in February increased by 31.9% month-on-month, and the year-on-year decline narrowed. First-tier cities increased by 5.0% month-on-month, Guangzhou and Shenzhen increased significantly month-on-month, and Shanghai both decreased month-on-month. Second-and third-tier cities as a whole rose by more than 40% month-on-month, while only Wenzhou and Fuzhou declined month-on-month, among which Jinan increased significantly, up 108.16% month-on-month. The total inventory decreased slightly, with a larger decline in Shenzhen, with a decrease of 4.89% from the previous month.

However, Liu Lu said that after the Spring Festival this year, the property market in many places across the country showed obvious signs of recovery, but the division was still large.

Liu Lu said that in first-tier cities and second-tier cities represented by Chengdu, there was little or no downward adjustment in the local property market in the early stage. At present, it is mainly reflected in the rapid expansion of the transaction volume of new and second-hand houses in the property market. In terms of price, the new house is reflected in the reduction of concessions; Second-hand housing is reflected in the owner’s reluctance to sell from wait and see, and the price has risen to a certain extent. This kind of city has a good economic fundamentals and a large net inflow of population, so the upward development trend of the property market can last for a long time.

However, Liu Lu said that in many other third-and fourth-tier cities and some second-tier cities, the downward adjustment of the property market in the early stage was more obvious. This year’s Spring Festival was superimposed by factors such as returning home and favorable policies, and the local property market showed a certain recovery, but its sustainability was worse than that of the previous cities.

Yan Yuejin also said that the income situation of ordinary people is still under pressure. The data changes in January and February are relatively large. Even if the transaction volume rises sharply, it is not easy to judge that it will heat up rapidly, and the possibility of slow heating is still relatively large. The overall trend of follow-up is optimistic, but it is necessary to guard against speculation in the middle.

Just as the market situation changed slightly, news of some policy changes began to spread. For example, in January this year, the first home loan interest rate of many local banks in Zhengzhou was lowered from 4.1% to 3.8%, but recently it was reported that the first home loan interest rate in Zhengzhou will be raised to 4.3%. Although this news has not been confirmed, it has attracted the attention of the market.

On February 28th, the Office of the Leading Group for the Steady and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market in Yiwu issued a notice to implement eight "new policies" for real estate from now on. From April 1st, 2023, Yiwu will cancel the policy of encouraging "group buying" to buy a house, that is, cancel last year’s "on the basis of the floating record price, ‘ Group purchase ’ 10 or more sets of commercial housing can fall below 2%; Right ‘ Group purchase ’ 20 sets or more can fall below 3%; Right ‘ Group purchase ’ With the preferential policy of 50 sets and above, the market preference will gradually return to a stable state.

Yan Yuejin believes that this statement shows that Yiwu has fine-tuned some preferential housing purchase policies. The policy of Yiwu this time fully shows that some subdivided purchase policies have changed, which is also the first policy statement in China that explicitly cancels preferential treatment this year, which is of signal significance.

Yan Yuejin believes that the withdrawal of some preferential policies should be viewed objectively. To some extent, the general direction and framework of local policies are still relaxed, but there may be fine-tuning in some areas. All localities should do a good job from the perspective of market conditions and the rights and interests of buyers, and prevent the troubles caused by loose and tight policies to buyers. At the same time, all localities are also required to publicize the existing easing policies and actively encourage the release of reasonable housing consumption demand.

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Life and death robbery of new energy vehicles ＂national compensation＂： opportunities, hidden dangers and challenges from survivors one after another

"Is there a national subsidy to withdraw, is there a price cut by Tesla, and some car companies and some brands have no future?"

In an interview with Netease Technology’s "Energy Field", Li Jinyong, executive director of the Automobile Dealers Chamber of Commerce of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and chairman of the New Energy Automobile Committee, spoke bluntly about the upcoming impact of the current "state subsidy and retreat" on some automobile companies.

The policy of "state subsidy" for new energy vehicles, which lasted for 14 years, officially withdrew from the historical stage.The purchase subsidy for new energy vehicles will be terminated on December 31, 2022.. Car companies that are used to feeding by subsidies have been weaned collectively.

Life and death robbery of new energy vehicles "national compensation": opportunities, hidden dangers and challenges from survivors one after another

At the same time, squeezed by multiple factors such as scale effect, cost pressure, price war, and double integral policy variables, all domestic new energy vehicle companies will encounter unprecedented battles in a full, free and cruel competitive market. In this regard, no one can be lucky: "This is a moment to test strategic strength and judgment."

In January 2023, new energy vehicles handed over a set of embarrassing "answers": except for Tesla, BYD and Ideal, which rose by 286.5%, 62% and 23% respectively,Almost the entire new energy vehicle market has experienced a decline in sales to varying degrees.. The zero-run, which once had an eye-catching performance, hit a year-on-year and month-on-month plunge of 85% in January; Weilai delivered 8,506 vehicles in January, down 11.9% year-on-year; Last year, Nezha, the sales champion of New Power, delivered only 6,016 vehicles in January, down 45.4% year-on-year.

Someone teased: "I have eaten milk for more than ten years, and I haven’t grown up yet!"

After the real weaning, can car companies still ride the waves in the market?

"In 2022, the production and sales volume of new energy vehicles nationwide has reached 6.88 million.The permeability reaches 26%Does this strong young man need to continue to enjoy breast milk? "

Zhang Hong, Secretary-General of china automobile dealers association New Energy Automobile Branch, said in an interview with Netease Technology’s Energy Field: "State compensation has contributed greatly to the development of China’s new energy automobile industry into the world’s largest production and sales country and market. But just as babies have to go through weaning when they grow into teenagers,Subsidized slope retreat is also a page that must be experienced in the development of new energy vehicles.. "

In the past thirteen years, China’s new energy vehicles have grown rapidly. A well-known achievement is that in 2016, the output of new energy vehicles in China was 517,000, and seven years later, this group of figures became 6.8 million, and its market share increased to 25.6%.Complete the goal of reaching 20% in 2025 proposed by the National Development Plan for Energy Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry three years ahead of schedule..

However, if we want to overtake in a corner instead of overturning in a corner and use a pair of "tangible hands" to promote emerging industries, subsidies are essential and the most common: for both producers and consumers, price means can expand the market scale and also enable enterprises to reduce production costs by means of scale effect.

"Subsidies will end sooner or later, but various forms of policies are believed to continue to be introduced." Wang Kai, founder and CTO of Youdian Technology, and Netease Technology’s "Energy Field" said that the subsidies at the production end must end when they begin: "There is no subsidy that does not retreat, and the purpose of subsidies is to finally cancel subsidies."

And whether to cancel subsidies, another consideration indicator,Is the current new energy market mature enough?.

"The core standard depends on the sales of new energy vehicles in non-restricted cities. These cities now have quite a few consumers who are willing to buy new energy vehicles. " Li Jinyong said that non-restricted second-and third-tier cities are closer to a completely competitive market, and people have formed buying habits.

According to the traffic insurance data of the Ministry of Public Security, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in cities without purchase restrictions was only 3% in 2019, and it will reach 11.2% in 2021. In the first half of 2022, this figure exceeded 20%, doubling the growth.

In an interview with Netease Technology, Mu Ying, co-founder of Qingyu Capital, an equity investment institution specializing in the research of new energy sub-sectors, took Tesla as an example and talked about another point: "The existence of Tesla in recent years proves that the new energy vehicle manufacturing market can indeed be profitable." Yan Ying said that Tesla has strong management and integration capabilities in the supply chain, which makes it have lower costs and allows investors to see the possibility of profitability in the new energy market.

An intuitive example is that from 2019 to 2022, Tesla’s supply ratio in China once rose from about 50% to 95%. From the battery chassis to the steering wheel and seat belts, Tesla China has almost all local suppliers, which makes many people shout: "Except for the logo, everything else is made in China."

On the other hand, in the field of electrification, from upstream raw materials to downstream manufacturing links, there is already a relatively complete independent industrial chain of three power systems. For example, some car companies, such as BYD, already have complete three-power system technology and production capacity, which can basically be controlled independently; In the field of intelligence, intelligent cockpit and intelligent driving configuration, the penetration rate of intelligent configuration of domestic models is also increasing.

"In the more than ten years of the existence of the State Compensation, China’s new energy vehicles have already had a fairly complete industrial chain, which is a huge advantage." Yan Ying said. The measure of a mature market depends on whether the market can gradually migrate downward and return to the place with the largest population: "The main structure of the current automobile market is actually an olive shape. But on the whole, the market will move down. It is inevitable that Tesla will gradually cut prices now. "

"This may not be a good time."

Although the market is mature enough, Li Jinyong believes that the time of subsidy withdrawal is open to question: the pressure faced by domestic brands at this time is multiple. "Due to the surge in battery costs and the irregular change of the’ double points’ policy in 2021, the price of new energy vehicles is too low, and car companies are not subsidized enough. At this time, the cost pressure will be great."

"The so-called double integral policy is simple to understand.It is a means to adjust the funds for fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles.. Li Jinyong pointed out that the original intention of the dual-point policy is to continue the state subsidies for new energy vehicles, and to increase the cost of fuel vehicles and reduce the cost of new energy through point trading to promote the development of new energy. However, the results of the implementation of the double integral policy have not reached the original goal.

Generally speaking, fuel car companies have more negative points and new energy car companies have more positive points. The former should buy positive points from the latter to offset the negative points. However, according to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2021, the positive integral of fuel consumption of passenger cars in China increased to 15.94 million compared with 4.37 million in 2020, and the negative integral decreased from 11.71 million in 2020 to 5.63 million. There are many positive points and few negative points in the industry, and the market supply exceeds demand, which leads to a sharp drop in the price of positive points, a rapid decrease in the funds available to new energy vehicle enterprises and a sharp increase in pressure.

Talking about the reasons, Li Jinyong introduced that according to the plan, the national fuel consumption target is 4L/100km in 2025 and 4.92L/100km in 2021, which is decreasing year by year. However, in 2021, the country’s calculation method of fuel consumption changed, which triggered a chain reaction: some car companies with increased fuel consumption in actual operation reduced fuel consumption according to the new standard, so the negative points of the whole industry also decreased greatly: "This may be unreasonable."

If we say that the cost pressure has already made many car companies unbearable, today’s national subsidy is no less than another one.

Taking the cost of batteries as an example, this has almost become the overall pain of the industry-although, since December 2022,Lithium carbonate has kept falling for three months, reaching 400,000 yuan/ton.Compared with the high point of 600,000 yuan/ton before the subsidy for new energy vehicles retreated last year, it has dropped sharply-but even so, the price today is still tenfold higher than that of 40,000 yuan/ton in 2020.

The reason why it is "almost" is that even the sorrows and joys in the industry are not connected: when China domestic brands lambaste "where is the money going" in the cry of "selling one car and losing one", battery raw material manufacturers have already earned a lot of money in this round of periodic rise of lithium mines-for example, Ganfeng Lithium Industry, a leading enterprise in the industry, has achieved a net profit of 14.795 billion in the first three quarters of 2022. In the first three quarters of 2022, Tianqi Lithium’s profit reached 15.981 billion, which was nearly 30 times higher than the same period last year.

There are many similar appeals. For example, Miao Wei, deputy director of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Economic Commission, recently said that the withdrawal of policy subsidies would have a certain impact on the domestic new energy automobile market in the first quarter of this year or even in the first half of this year, and suggested that the new energy automobile purchase reduction and exemption policy planned to be withdrawn at the end of this year should be continued.

The continuation may lie in a hidden worry: in many ways, the core of subsidies is not the "big money-throwing" that has been going on for more than ten years, but the use of funds to subvert the early costs of small-scale emerging industries, weak markets and unstable technologies, and exchange time for space.

According to the most direct understanding, the disappearance of subsidies will bring about an increase in costs, which will bring about price increases. In fact, from mid-2022 to now, many new energy brands have quietly set off a "price increase tide": for example, BYD, Weimar, Nezha, Chang ‘an Deep Blue, Volkswagen, etc. have successively announced that they will increase the terminal prices of some of their models, ranging from 1,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan.

"The market’s battery cost has risen sharply in the past two years, and the decline in the price of points and the decline in subsidies have had a great impact on low-priced cars, especially for A00."

Li Jinyong said that the sales volume of new energy vehicles headed by A00 is the largest, and the scale effect is spelled out, and profits are made by volume. However, its profit is small, and its room for manoeuvre is small, which is the most affected this time. The mid-to-high-end models of around 300,000 are also affected, but there are many ways to digest them. After all, the added value is great: "This time, 200,000-300,000 cars have not increased their prices, but they are still reducing their prices. Why? There is a lot of room between the purchase cost and the sales price of these vehicles. The industrial cost of a car with a price of 200,000, including spare parts and steel plates, is about 120,000, which is about 6-7 fold. "

For this reason, the seemingly "strange" price increase and price reduction were staged simultaneously in this spring: in January 2023, the A-class, B-class and C-class of new energy passenger cars showed positive growth year-on-year, however, the A00-class and A0-class decreased year-on-year; On the other hand, "Catfish" Tesla stirred up the industry, and after its Model 3 and Model Y were greatly reduced in price, companies such as Wenjie, Tucki and Weilai also started the price reduction tide.

"In 2023, the new energy vehicle market will usher in a great change from policy and market two-wheel drive to market single-wheel drive, and the competition will become more and more fierce. At present, there are 56 new energy vehicles from 29 manufacturers on the market. After the country’s subsidy, except for car companies with strong industrial chains and rich product chains such as BYD and Tesla, most car companies are facing the pressure that car prices must be raised. " Zhang Hong said that under the influence of multiple factors, not only small and medium-sized car companies are having a hard time, but dealers who are caught between consumers who are holding money and car companies who are forced to cut prices will also be greatly affected.

"There is no doubt that a large number of players will be out." Li Jinyong said.

In fact, in order to facilitate the gradual weaning of manufacturers, the intensity of state subsidies has gradually decreased over the years: from 2017 to 2021, the proportion of new energy vehicles subsidized by the state has decreased year by year.Among them, it was 78% in 2017, and it has dropped to 63% in 2020 and reached 47% in 2021.. The subsidy price is also decreasing year by year: from 2015 to 2020, the average subsidy for new energy vehicles and bicycles decreased from 106,400 yuan to 23,000 yuan.

Under such a background, the consideration lies not only in support, but also in Darwin’s "natural selection": whether in 2016 or 2019, subsidies for new energy vehicles have experienced several sharp declines, and outstanding enterprises in the wave will survive, which will save money to expand production capacity, upgrade technology and iterate products.

Players who continue to indulge in "nipple music" are washed away and eliminated, becoming passers-by.

"These enterprises that mainly pursue subsidies, their products are not market-oriented pricing, but rely on policies to eat subsidies, such as BAIC New Energy." Li Jinyong said.

In the era of high subsidies, BAIC New Energy has been the first pure electric vehicle, with an annual sales of more than 100,000 vehicles. However, its car models have changed from oil to electricity, and its car design is aging. With the gradual withdrawal of subsidies, it will annihilate everyone. An intuitive example is that the company achieved a profit of 92 million yuan in 2019, but after deducting non-profits, its net profit reached 874 million yuan, of which the largest income in non-recurring profit and loss items came from government subsidies, amounting to 1.041 billion yuan: This means that BAIC New Energy at that time lived on government subsidies.

On the one hand, the amount of new energy subsidies is declining year by year, on the other hand, the threshold for access is gradually increasing. For example, in 2018, the minimum requirement for the driving range of pure electric vehicles was raised from 100 km to 150 km. It will rise to 250 kilometers in 2019 and become 300 kilometers in 2021.

As a result, many car companies that enjoy pleasure and are not enterprising in subsidies have been eliminated by the rising threshold year by year. For example, Zhidou Automobile, which was popular with Zhidou D2 model, was priced at 158,800 yuan at that time, and the lowest selling price was only 49,800 yuan, including various subsidies. This made it win the national sales champion with 23,000 vehicles in 2015, and by 2017, the sales volume of Zhidou reached the peak of 42,000 vehicles.

However, in 2018, after the subsidy threshold was raised, the sales of Zhidou showed a cliff-like decline. By the second half of 2019, Zhidou had been included in the list of executors for 48 times, and finally the company’s equity could only be auctioned. In just two years, the former sales champion has been separated from the future, which is embarrassing. And this is just a microcosm. Including Chery’s early mini pure electric vehicle eQ series, JAC iEV series, Changan Benben EV and other models, they were also lifted by the subsidy threshold and gradually declined until they disappeared.

"In the early days of the development of new energy vehicles, many mercenary car companies rushed into battle in order to cheat, and launched a series of models with unknown positioning, simple structure and rough quality. The only fate of such car companies is to go out." Zhang Hong said.

Since the initial attempt of "Ten Cities and Thousand Vehicles Demonstration Project" in China in 2009, new energy vehicles have been listed as one of the "seven strategic emerging industries" in 2010, and the "Development Plan for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicle Industry (2012-2020)" was put forward in the State Council in 2012.

In the past 14 years, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China has increased from 80,000 vehicles in 2014 to 8 million vehicles now, and the national subsidy has followed all the way. The new energy vehicles in China have gradually changed from small to large and from weak to strong. Since 2015, China has ranked first in the world in terms of production and sales for seven consecutive years.

"If consumers have been relying on subsidies to consider buying new energy vehicles, then this is the sorrow of China’s new energy automobile industry!" Zhang Hong said: "No matter the minds of consumers or the products of car companies, they can’t be flowers in a greenhouse made of subsidies. They must experience storms in the fierce market competition and then become stronger and more mature."

Insiders told Netease Technology "Energy Field",The real vitality and competitiveness of car companies are not and should not rely on subsidies at all..

"What did BYD earn before 2021? Earn a billion dollars a year. But why did you suddenly make so much money in 2022? When the scale comes up, the algorithm of the entire marginal cost is different. "

Li Jinyong told Netease Technology "Energy Field" that the scale effect will determine the direct life and death of future car companies. For brands that sold less than 10,000 cars in those years, it is actually a matter of early and late death. Whether there is a state-funded withdrawal or a price reduction by Tesla, such brands are doomed to have no future.

An intuitive example happened in the last century: after the first assembly line production method, the annual output of Ford cars quickly broke through from 10,000 to 100,000+cars. Other cars often cost two or three thousand dollars, while Ford only sells for 850 dollars, but it can still make a high profit. By 1927, Ford launched the Model T, the price was as low as $290, and Ford’s market share in the United States was close to 50%.

"Whether it is a battery or a tram, scale reduction is also a very important direction. Therefore, when both technology and scale can reach the inflection point, in fact, the product is economical. " Yan Ying said.

"After more than ten years of development, new energy vehicles have produced a number of OEMs with strong R&D capabilities, mature product supply chains and colorful product lines like BYD and Tesla." In Zhang Hong’s view, the country’s compensation and retreat is only a secondary factor in this impact. In the past 13 years, small and medium-sized car enterprises, even some new force car-making enterprises, have shown weak anti-strike ability once they encounter the difficulties of soaring raw material prices, chip shortage and short supply of spare parts because the product supply chain relies too much on socialization. When R&D, vehicle delivery and marketing capabilities are not strong, it will become more difficult to seek financing for blood transfusion: "Even if winter comes in nature, their days will continue to face the test of severe winter."

Weaning, followed by closing the door, the new car-making forces that want to enter again will be difficult to get tickets in the future. The follow-up competition is likely to be a mutual fight between the main bodies of the stock.

"The stage of barbaric growth should be over."

A former employee in LI, an industry veteran who is now starting his own business, told Netease Technology Energy Field that from last year to now, he and several partners planned to start building cars, but the qualification problem became a "roadblock": "Whether it was the earliest OEM model like Weilai or the acquisition model, it is very difficult to approve now, and the country is gradually tightening."

In 2023, it is no longer easy for new entrants. Li Yinan, formerly known as Ren Zhengfei’s successor, went off to build a car, but the Freedom House he founded was frustrated for several years, and it ended hastily when he failed to deliver one. The qualification has become a problem for new entrants to get stuck in the neck.

No matter from what angle, a continuous farewell is inevitable for the only remaining players. "In the past three years, 75 brands have fallen. It is estimated that after 3 to 5 years, 60% to 70% of brands will face closure and transfer. We can predict that the competition in the future will still be very fierce, but the fallen brands will leave more market space and make the living brands have more room for development. " In January 2023, Zhu Huarong, chairman of Changan Automobile, once said.

After comparing the latest quarterly financial reports of Tesla and Toyota, Netease Technology Energy Field found that the gross profit margin of Tesla bicycles was already eight times that of Toyota. Tesla sold a car with a profit of nearly 70,000 yuan before the price cut, and even after the price cut, there was a profit margin of 30,000 yuan. However, Weilai, Tucki and Ideality are in a state of losing money in selling cars. In the third quarter of 2022, they lost 100,000, 80,000 and 60,000 respectively in selling a car.

"For the models that are now sold in 100,000 and 200,000 years, the opportunity is still there." Li Jinyong said that it is a critical moment to test the strategic decision-making of business leaders if medium-sized and medium-sized car companies dare to follow Tesla to cut prices, and dare to reduce costs to fight for a future and seize the market: "If I say now that I can’t afford to drop, I will lose money, so don’t drop."

On the other hand, Li Jinyong said that when consumers are expecting to cut prices, when they get off the bus, they must change their thinking, and they must make market-based pricing, not cost pricing: "If you can’t do it, don’t participate, or you will be the future Nokia, and the future will definitely be eliminated. Not all car companies will be able to make it five years later and ten years later."

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How many hurdles should Jiangsu enterprises cross when exporting to domestic sales： building internal and external circulation

With the spread of overseas epidemic and the sharp drop of international trade scale, foreign trade enterprises are facing unprecedented challenges. Faced with the problems of goods stranded in Hong Kong, cancellation of orders, and warehouse backlog, some enterprises try to dig the domestic market and seek the way of domestic sales. Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting Export Products to Domestic Sales" (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Opinions"), clearly promoting the docking of domestic and foreign export market standards and systems, and helping enterprises to accurately dock production and sales. "Inside and outside", how can Soviet enterprises turn inward and expand the market?

Exports were blocked and orders fell.

In foreign trade business, because of the time difference, I often go to bed late and get up early. Recently, Dai Shengcai, the general manager of Suzhou Xingying Clothing Co., Ltd., was gradually able to get to work on time. "The newly developed customers in South Africa and Brazil were basically out of touch, and even the old customers in Egypt and Spain canceled the order contract years ago because of the epidemic. At present, they still have contact with customers in the Korean market. In the first half of the year, they signed 100,000 pairs of pants and sent the samples in the past two days."

Although the work and rest time tends to be normal, Dai Shengcai said frankly: "For our small business, as long as there is an order to sleep for a few hours, no order is the most urgent." The company’s trousers and other products have been exported to Europe, America, Australia, Southeast Asia and other markets for 10 years. Faced with the sluggish overseas demand, Dai Shengcai got in touch with the domestic customers accumulated in the past. "This domestic sales has never stopped, and it has a high reputation in the hearts of old customers. At present, it has contacted a number of old customers with a total of 300 to 400 stores, filling the shortage of foreign trade." Not only that, the company also bought a more mature Taobao shop and started online sales.

There is more than one experience. Established in 1976, Yangzhou Shuguang Toothbrush Factory, the first toothbrush factory in Asia, has an annual output of nearly 200 million toothbrushes. Since March this year, affected by the epidemic, overseas orders have dropped by more than 30%. Tu Xinye, the general manager of the company, introduced that the large-scale supermarket chain sales model was adopted in the American market, in which a large number of orders only paid the deposit and the products were not made for the time being. At present, more than 10 million orders for toothbrushes have been put on hold, resulting in huge losses. "Can you transfer the surplus foreign trade capacity of the factory to the domestic trade market?" Faced with the status quo, Tu Xinye chose online sales. "During the Tmall 618 promotion, we sold more than 160,000 toothbrushes a day. Recently, orders in the domestic market rebounded by 30%, basically smoothing the’ trauma’ of overseas markets."

"Jiangsu’s manufacturing industry is developed and its industrial clusters are obvious. Nantong stacked stone Home Textiles, Changshu Clothing, Yangzhou Plush Toys and Hotel Supplies are all important businesses in our export-to-domestic channel." Yi Xuan, head of Alibaba Taobao special edition foreign trade channel, said.

In order to help foreign trade enterprises expand the domestic market, Kunshan Customs launched a centralized declaration mode. According to the relevant person in charge of Kunshan Customs, the centralized declaration for domestic sales means that qualified processing trade enterprises can declare goods for domestic sales after being approved and filed by the customs in advance, and then go through the tax payment procedures for domestic sales with the competent customs. This can break the time limit, simplify the domestic sales procedures and gain more time for enterprises. According to reports, from January to May alone, Kunshan Customs approved 105 applications for centralized declaration of domestic sales of foreign trade enterprises, and the domestic sales of centralized declaration enterprises accounted for 78% of the total domestic sales of processing trade enterprises, hitting a new high.

Although domestic demand is good, it is not easy to turn around.

Export to domestic sales is not achieved overnight, and it needs to go through several thresholds. The first threshold is the sales channel.

"As a foreign trade-oriented enterprise, the biggest problem in the process of transferring to domestic sales is the lack of sales channels. Because this market has not been cultivated. " Tu Xinye feels that thanks to the e-commerce platform, it is easy to build sales channels. Tang Song, general manager of Taobao C2M (User Direct Manufacturing) Industrial Belt, told the reporter that since the horn of "Spring Thunder Action" was sounded at the beginning of the year, more than 1,000 factories in Jiangsu have applied to settle in the platform within a week, and the sales volume has gradually increased since they came in.

Zhou Peng, who works in Wuxi Ruimi Information Technology Co., Ltd., has a deep understanding of the differences between domestic and foreign sales channels. In 2015, the company tried to push the products of an independent brand to the domestic and foreign markets simultaneously, and found the difference between the sales ends. "Taking vacuum cleaners as an example, the domestic online and offline sales ratio is 9: 1, and the overseas online and offline sales ratio is 2: 8. This is not only a change in sales channels, but also the whole idea." He said that at present, overseas market revenue accounts for 60%-70% of the company’s total revenue, mainly because in overseas markets, vacuum cleaners have a longer use history and a higher penetration rate, and China has just emerged, but the growth rate is very fast. In the past three years, the annual growth rate has exceeded 30%, and the competition has gradually increased.

In addition to the differences in sales channels, the lack of information such as product standards and consumer preferences is also a major obstacle for foreign trade enterprises to "turn inward". Tu Xinye said that a small toothbrush, the European and American markets prefer a larger brush head and harder bristles, while domestic consumers prefer soft and delicate toothbrushes. "In fact, what kind of products, shapes and prices are produced after domestic sales, and foreign trade enterprises are seriously lacking these data."

Dai Shengcai also found this problem. "It is difficult for clothes exported to European and American markets to directly transfer their sizes and styles to domestic sales. After all, there are differences in body shape and body shape. We have to readjust the production line according to the needs of domestic customers. " In addition, domestic and foreign settlement modes are different. After signing a contract, foreign countries pay a 20% deposit first and receive the final payment after shipment. However, in China, factories need to pay in advance, reconcile accounts at the end of each month and settle accounts once every six months, which will put pressure on some enterprises to turn over funds.

What is more noteworthy is that for foreign trade enterprises engaged in OEM and OEM production, turning to domestic sales means changing from the original supplier to the seller, from a certain link of overseas production chain to the whole industrial chain, including design, research and development, production and sales. In addition, it also involves intellectual property rights.

In this regard, the "Implementation Opinions" clearly supports foreign trade enterprises to negotiate with brand owners about the authorization of intellectual property rights involved in exporting products for domestic sale, and do a good job in patent application, trademark registration and copyright registration. Relevant experts reminded that foreign trade enterprises can "export to domestic market" by directly removing trademarks and outer packaging, which can not avoid the risk of intellectual property rights, but need to obtain authorization from the foreign party first. In addition, it is necessary to consider whether there is any right dispute about the intellectual property rights involved in the commodity in China.

Walking on two legs, internal and external circulation

After the domestic production was frustrated in early February and the overseas consumption was blocked after March, enterprises also had different understandings of the domestic and foreign markets.

"Before, foreign trade enterprises made production plans based on the order information of foreign customers, and there was almost no communication with market terminals, but the domestic trade market was a completely opposite process. We had to find ways to develop goods and then push them to the market. If the developed goods are not welcomed by the market, it will be fatal to the factory. " Tu Xinye said that at present, using the data of e-commerce platform, adopting the direct manufacturing mode of users and adjusting production in time can cater to the market.

Jiangsu Sulbon Petrochemical Co., Ltd. is the largest acrylonitrile production and export enterprise in China. In recent years, the company has actively deployed overseas markets, and its export volume has been continuously improved. However, due to overseas local epidemic control and other reasons, it is difficult for customers to pick up the goods, and the order can only be delayed or cancelled. "We immediately adjusted the plan and sent the products to downstream customers in China, which eased the inventory pressure." Zhou Yingying, the company’s marketing manager, said that this year, while expanding the domestic market, we will continue to explore overseas markets and strive to achieve an annual export volume of 100,000 tons. "Considering both internal and external markets, we can adjust the ratio of product export and domestic sales according to market conditions."

"This is an opportunity to force the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade enterprises. Because for a long time, under the favorable international trade environment, enterprises have made high income from processing and OEM, and naturally invested less in technology research and development and independent intellectual property rights. Now, after turning to domestic sales, enterprises need to consider intellectual property rights, technology patents and brand building, which requires enterprises to cultivate their internal strength. " Zhou Peng said. In addition, if an enterprise wants to sell domestically, it should consider the development stage of the domestic market in its industry and effectively position itself according to the current market situation and its own situation.

"In the short term, after the export of enterprises turns to domestic sales, the competition effect will be greater than the cooperation effect, which requires the government to introduce supporting policies to ease it; In the long run, it will not only bring diversified choices to domestic consumers, but also promote the transformation and upgrading of domestic industries, create superior products with international competitiveness, and form new growth drivers. " Yang Jijun, deputy dean of the School of International Business and Economics of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, believes that government departments need to exert their efforts at both ends of supply and consumption. On the one hand, they should adjust the supply structure, on the other hand, they should boost consumption by issuing consumer vouchers.

Previously, the Provincial Department of Commerce issued the "Several Measures on Further Improving the Current Work of Stabilizing Foreign Trade", which explicitly encouraged foreign trade enterprises to actively participate in the "Consumption Promotion Month" activities in the province and supported local organizations to organize domestic sales docking of export products. In addition, two online exhibitions will be held in the near future.

"It is not contradictory for enterprises to participate in the two markets of domestic and foreign division of labor, but they complement each other. Both of these models have promoted domestic economic growth. We need to co-ordinate the domestic and foreign markets to promote domestic and international double circulation and mutual promotion. " Yang Jijun said that after the epidemic, globalization is still a general trend, and foreign trade enterprises should pay attention to new trends in foreign markets while enhancing their own strength. (Ding Qianqian, Zhao Weili)

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Henan strives to build 20 standardized wisdom islands throughout the year and incubate 200 competitive and innovative enterprises.

　　On January 3rd, the Information Office of Henan Provincial Government held a press conference, focusing on the related work of vigorously boosting market confidence and promoting economic stability in Henan Province.

Wechat pictures _20230103093504

　　Whether it is to expand investment, promote consumption, cultivate industries and strengthen the main body, it needs to be implemented in real projects, and it needs a high-quality carrier platform as a support to make the elements of development more concentrated and kinetic energy more concentrated. Which carrier platforms will Henan focus on? Ma Jian, Party Secretary and Director of the Development and Reform Commission of Henan Province, answered a reporter’s question at the press conference.

　　Strengthen the industrial carrier

　　Further play the role of the main position, main battlefield and main engine of economic construction in the development zone.

　　At present, the development zones in Henan province have been integrated from 288 to 184, and the key reform tasks such as "three transformations and three systems" and "management Committee+company" have been basically completed. In the future, the focus of work will be shifted to industrial development, and all localities will be urged to focus on the responsibility of owners and go all out to attract investment, projects and services.

　　Implement leapfrog development actions. Organize the work promotion meeting of development zones in the whole province, formulate policies and measures to promote the high-quality development of development zones, and carry out the establishment of industrial transformation demonstration development zones.

　　Strengthen the "heroes on average". Scientifically and orderly promote the expansion and regulation of development zones, and establish a comprehensive evaluation system of input and output per mu and a differentiated allocation mechanism of resource elements.

　　Strengthen monitoring and assessment. Improve the mechanism of monthly monitoring and quarterly notification, and organize observation activities in development zones.

　　Be a carrier of precision agriculture

　　Further strengthen the agglomeration effect of scientific and technological resources on platforms such as Zhongyuan Agricultural Valley.

　　Recently, the provincial development and reform commission focused on the major needs of national seed industry and food security, and planned and laid out the Central Plains agricultural valley in a forward-looking way. Subsequently, the overall plan of "Central Plains Agricultural Valley" and the construction plan of the core area will be implemented as soon as possible, and a number of landmark seed science and technology innovation projects will be implemented to strengthen the dislocation linkage with Zhoukou National Agricultural High-tech Zone and accelerate the construction of 4 million mu of high-standard farmland demonstration zone, which will provide important support for building a solid foundation of a grain-producing province and helping to build an agricultural power.

　　Be an excellent and innovative carrier

　　Further build a first-class innovation ecosystem.

　　Since last year, the provincial party committee and the provincial government have built an innovative carrier platform system with the integration and promotion of the "three-in-one" construction of the Provincial Academy of Sciences, the Central Plains Science and Technology City and the Zhengzhou Center for National Technology Transfer as the leader, supported by provincial laboratories, industrial research institutes, pilot bases and wisdom islands.

　　As a development and reform system, the provincial development and reform commission will vigorously promote the construction of standardized wisdom islands, and strive to build 20 all-factor, low-cost, convenient and open wisdom islands throughout the year, and incubate and cultivate 200 competitive and innovative enterprises.

　　Open carrier for living

　　Further enhance the domestic and international dual-cycle link function of the airport area and the "Aerial Silk Road" international forum.

　　The airport area is an important gateway to Henan’s opening to the outside world, and the "Aerial Silk Road" international forum is the only national forum with the theme of "Aerial Silk Road" in China. Henan will focus on the implementation of the institutional opening strategy, adhere to both soft and hard efforts, and jointly empower Henan Province to open to the outside world at a high level.

　　On the hard side, it is mainly to further promote the "second venture" of the airport area. High-level preparation of the development plan of the airport port area in the new stage, deepening the expansion of the "double hub" cooperation model between Zhengzhou and Lu, implementing the action of improving the quality and efficiency of air cargo at Zhengzhou Airport, striving for the landing of the second base of China Post Aviation, and starting the construction of Zhengzhou Air Mail Processing Center.

　　On the soft side, it is mainly to accelerate the institutionalization and platform development of the "Aerial Silk Road" forum. Explore and hold the International Cooperation Forum on the "Silk Road in the Air" in turn with Luxembourg, strive to become a sub-forum of the national "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum, link the Henan, China CIFIT, the overseas CIFIT in Luxembourg and other activities, launch and implement a three-year action plan to deepen cooperation with Europe, and attract a number of key industrial projects in the fields of automobiles, parts and semiconductors.

　　"The provincial economic work conference specifically proposed that the port economy should be regarded as the starting point and breakthrough point for the high-quality development of Henan Province this year. We will continue to expand the airport, strengthen the dry port, develop the water port, promote the linkage between the comprehensive bonded zone and bonded logistics center and aviation, railway ports and various functional ports, gather various port-oriented industries with one port and one policy, and strive to achieve double-digit growth in cargo and mail throughput of Zhengzhou Airport, and operate more than 3,000 flights of Zhongyu in China-Europe trains. " Ma Jian said. (Song Xiangle, Wang Yizhen)

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Frequently asked questions about influenza vaccination this winter and next spring, Fujian CDC answers.

Influenza (referred to as "flu") isCaused by influenza virus infectionAcute respiratory infectious diseases.Influenza vaccination isAn effective means to prevent influenza.About influenza vaccination this winter and next springSome common questions,Fujian CDC answers are as follows↓↓↓

1. What are the antigenic components of trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines this year?

The trivalent influenza vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023-2024 based on chicken embryos in the northern hemisphere consists of:

A/Victoria/4897/2022（H1N1)Pdm09 similar strain

A/Darwin/9/2021(H3N2)Similar strain

B/Austria/1359417/2021(Victoria department)Similar strain

The tetravalent influenza vaccine component contains two strains of B strain, namely the above three strains and B/Phuket/3073/2013.(Yamagata system)Similar strain.

Compared with the previous year, the vaccine component recommended by WHO in this year has been replaced with influenza virus subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine strain.

2. What kinds of influenza vaccines are available in 2023-2024?

Influenza vaccines listed in the world are divided into inactivated influenza virus vaccine, live attenuated influenza virus vaccine and influenza virus recombination vaccines.

According to the components contained in the vaccine, it is divided into trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines.

According to the production process, it can be divided into chicken embryo culture, cell culture and recombinant influenza vaccine.

Influenza vaccines used in China in the epidemic season of 2023-2024 include trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV3).

Both IIV3 and IIV4 have 0.25ml dosage form and 0.5ml dosage form, and LAIV3 has 0.2ml dosage form.

3. Which key groups and high-risk groups give priority to influenza vaccination?

It is suggested that all people who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine. Combined with the epidemic situation of influenza and the prevention and control strategy of multi-disease prevention, the harm of influenza should be reduced as much as possible.

Priority recommended key and high-risk groups:

1 medical personnel, including clinical rescue personnel, public health personnel, health and quarantine personnel, etc.;

2. Older people aged 60 and over;

3. People suffering from one or more chronic diseases;

4. Vulnerable people and employees in gathering places such as old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions and welfare homes;

5. Pregnant women;

6. Children aged 6-59 months;

7. Family members and caregivers of infants under 6 months old;

8. People in key places such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools and supervision places.

4. What is the immune persistence after influenza vaccination?

The immunity acquired by human body after being infected with influenza virus or inoculated with influenza vaccine will decline with time, and the degree of decline is related to factors such as people’s age, physical condition and vaccine antigen.

A study on antibody dynamics of influenza vaccine in Australia showed that the antibody level induced by various vaccine strains reached a peak one month after vaccination, and began to decline about three months later. After vaccination for six months, the antibody level was still higher than the baseline, suggesting that the antibody protection level can be maintained for at least six months after vaccination.

A study in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province also found that the antibody level mediated by some vaccine strains was still high after 6 months of influenza vaccination.

Studies have shown that the serum antibody level in the body decreased significantly after one year of influenza vaccination. Studies have shown that the decrease of serum antibody is related to the decrease of the number of bone marrow plasma cells, that is, the specific bone marrow plasma cells increased after 4 weeks of influenza vaccination, but decreased to the pre-vaccination level after 1 year.

In order to match the ever-changing influenza virus, one or more strains of influenza vaccine recommended by WHO will be updated in most seasons, and it also exists that the vaccine strains are exactly the same as the previous season.

In order to ensure the maximum protection of the vaccinated population, even if the composition of the influenza vaccine is exactly the same as that of the previous season, since the antibody titer produced by most vaccinators in the last vaccination has dropped significantly, it is still recommended to vaccinate before the arrival of the influenza season in that year regardless of whether the influenza vaccine was vaccinated in the previous season.

5. What are the requirements for the vaccination times of influenza vaccine?

Children from 6 months to 8 years old should be vaccinated with IIV vaccine: children from 6 months to 8 years old who are vaccinated with influenza for the first time should be vaccinated with two doses (two doses of the same vaccine should be selected) with an interval of ≥4 weeks; Children who have received one or more doses of influenza vaccine in 2022-2023 or before are recommended to receive one dose.

Vaccination of children aged 6 months to 8 years: No matter whether they have been vaccinated with influenza vaccine, only one dose is given.

Children and adults aged 9 and over only need one dose.

6. What are the taboos for influenza vaccination?

Anyone who is allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including excipients, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) or has a history of severe allergic reaction to any kind of influenza vaccination is prohibited from vaccination.

Patients with acute diseases, severe chronic diseases or acute attacks of chronic diseases and fever are advised to be vaccinated after recovery or stable control of their condition. Patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome within 6 weeks after previous influenza vaccination are advised to be evaluated by a doctor before considering whether to vaccinate.

The following people are prohibited from being vaccinated with LAIV:

① Persons with low immune function due to drug use, HIV infection and other reasons;

② Children and adolescents who have been treated with drugs containing aspirin or salicylic acid for a long time;

③ Children with asthma aged 2-4 years;

4 pregnant women;

⑤ Those with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome;

⑥ Those who used antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir 48 hours before inoculation, or those who used palamivir 5 days before inoculation, or those who used balosevir 17 days before inoculation.

7. Can influenza vaccine and other vaccines be vaccinated at the same time?

Inoculation with other inactivated and attenuated live vaccines:

Inactivated influenza vaccine can be inoculated simultaneously or sequentially with other inactivated vaccines and attenuated live vaccines; If two live attenuated vaccines are inoculated at the same time, the interval should be at least 4 weeks.

Inoculation with Covid-19 vaccine at the same time:

People aged 18 and above can be vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine and Covid-19 vaccine at the same time, and at the same time, they should be vaccinated at the inoculation sites of both limbs. For the minors who have been vaccinated with LAIV and under the age of 18, it is suggested that the interval between vaccination with Covid-19 and Covid-19 should be more than 14 days due to the lack of evidence at present.

8. When is the timing of influenza vaccination?

Usually, after 2~4 weeks of influenza vaccination, antibodies with protective level can be produced.

The time and duration of the annual peak of influenza activity are different in different parts of China. In order to ensure that the recipients can get immune protection before the high-incidence season of influenza, it is suggested that all localities arrange vaccination as soon as the vaccine is available, and it is best to complete immunization before the local influenza epidemic season. Vaccination units can provide immunization services throughout the epidemic season.

In the same influenza epidemic season, people who have completed the whole vaccination according to the vaccination procedures do not need to be vaccinated again.

9. Besides influenza vaccine, what other vaccines can be vaccinated to prevent respiratory infectious diseases?

In addition to influenza vaccination this winter and next spring, pneumococcal vaccine and Covid-19 vaccine are also recommended for the elderly and people with chronic basic diseases.

For children, it is suggested that non-immunization programs such as pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine should be inoculated on the basis of continuing immunization program vaccination. No matter whether it is an immunization program vaccine or a non-immunization program vaccine, the requirements of vaccination specifications should be strictly followed during the vaccination process.

10. How should we protect against influenza vaccine before it is produced?

Wear a mask scientifically. If you go to a closed environment and crowded places, take public transport or go to the hospital, it is recommended to wear a mask and pay attention to changing it in time.

Develop good personal hygiene habits. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with paper towels or towels. Wash your hands or disinfect your hands in time after touching public facilities such as elevator buttons and door handles, and after coughing or sneezing. In addition, daily attention should be paid to keeping the environment in the home and workplace clean, and opening windows regularly for ventilation.

Develop a healthy lifestyle. In daily life, we should keep enough sleep, adequate nutrition and proper physical exercise to enhance our physical fitness and improve our immunity.

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A swimming competition was held in a once polluted river in Shanghai, and officials from the Environmental Protection Bureau also took part.

On the afternoon of July 30th, an environmental protection riverside swimming competition was held in Chuansha Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and more than 110 Shanghai residents competed to get into the water.

Through the application of the "zero discharge system for all-water reuse", the river channel that originally discharged domestic sewage from the factory has become a clear water river bank, which not only realizes zero discharge to the municipal sewage pipe network, but also allows the public to relive the childhood fun of swimming in the river.

On the afternoon of July 30th, an environmental protection riverside swimming competition was held in Chuansha Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. More than 110 Shanghai residents rushed into the water, and even two officials of the Pudong New Area Environmental Protection Bureau "couldn’t resist the temptation" and jumped into the river to complete the 80-meter race. Yao Haiyang, a 26-year-old boy who climbed ashore from the end of the river, said several "unexpected" words to The Paper (www.thepaper.cn). He said that he didn’t expect to swim in the river in Shanghai, and he didn’t expect his childhood memories of playing with water to be relived in Shanghai.

Riverbanks that discharge domestic sewage become clear water swimming lanes.

The natural river course for this swimming competition is 100 meters long, 8-10 meters wide and 2.2 meters deep. At one end of the river course is the starting platform covered with red carpet, and 80 meters away is the finish line made of red and white buoys.

At the competition site, a sign of "River Water Quality Test Conclusion" just issued by the environmental protection department on July 30th this year was hung in front of the departure platform: CMA authorities certified by the state sampled and tested the water quality and hygiene indicators of the river water, such as chromaticity, turbidity, pH value and total coliform. The test results showed that the measured water quality indicators met the Class I standard of surface water in the National Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water GB3838-2002, and reached the national standard at the same time.

"Many people are asking me how you came up with the idea of hosting the Riverside Swimming Competition and how you achieved this goal. In fact, it originated from the dream of a 6-year-old boy ten years ago." Qu jianguo, chairman of Shanghai Kaineng Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd., told The Paper a short story.

Ten years ago, a German customer and his son came to visit Kaineng Environmental Protection Park the day before returning home. qu jianguo showed them around the factory in the park and asked his six-year-old son, who was accompanying him, what he wanted in China? The child pointed to a river bank more than 100 meters long in the factory and blurted out, "I hope I can swim in this river bank." At that time, everyone was speechless. Looking at the disappointment of the German boy, qu jianguo promised: "When you come to China again in a few years, my uncle will definitely let you swim in this river."

Qu jianguo told The Paper that although he lost contact with this German friend later, this promise has been buried in his heart. After years of management and efforts, the natural river in this factory finally reached the surface water environmental protection standard for swimming in the river. The first Kaineng Environmental Protection River Swimming Competition came into being in the summer of 2013, and it lasted for four years.

How to achieve it technically?

A wish is a wish, but how can an ordinary natural river originating from Pudong New Area be transformed into a "clear river bank" with crystal clear water quality reaching the municipal first-class water?

"Thirty years ago, I caught up with the era of swimming in Qingshui River, but I never saw it again." Qu jianguo told The Paper that in 2012, they took the lead in launching the application of "Zero Discharge System for Water Reuse" in the environmental protection park in Chuansha. Simply put, it is to establish two sewage treatment stations in the east and north of the environmental protection park to realize full automatic control. The sewage from each unit in the park flows into the sewage treatment station through the sewage collection pipe network, and then undergoes anaerobic and aerobic degradation by microorganisms, so that the sewage reaches the treatment and discharge standards and enters the next constructed wetland ecosystem.

In the Kaineng Environmental Protection Park in Chuansha, large and small constructed wetlands and emergent plants form a unique green landscape, and there are many small sewage treatment systems hidden in the park. The water in the river swimming track is obtained from the recycling treatment of sewage, all of which is the ecological reuse of wastewater, and the environmental protection park has realized zero discharge to the municipal sewage pipe network.

“The treatment capacity of this zero-emission system can reach 100 tons/day, which is equivalent to the treatment capacity of 100 household water purification equipment. As far as technology is concerned, the system can be applied in southern China, and the difficulty of popularization mainly depends on the degree of government support and the source of funds."qu jianguo said.

Despite this, it is still not easy for the public to regain confidence in the river. Qu jianguo admitted that in 2013, when the swimming competition was held in the riverside of the factory for the first time, he took his 6-year-old grandson to jump into the river first to dispel people’s concerns about the safety and health of the river. In the first competition, only more than 30 swimmers participated in the end. With the improvement of everyone’s confidence, there are more than 100 swimmers participating in this year. "Many parents take the initiative to bring their children who are practicing swimming, let them play in the river lane and feel the joy of their parents when they were young."

Two deputy directors of Pudong New Area Environmental Protection Bureau (first from left and third from left) personally entered the river to participate in the competition.

Environmental protection officials also went into the river.

On the 30th, many people at the scene said that another signal that reassured them about the water quality was that two officials from the Environmental Protection Bureau of Pudong New Area also entered the river.

Liang Ming, the 57-year-old deputy director of the Environmental Protection Department of the Environmental Protection Bureau of Pudong New Area, signed up for the Youth Group, and won the third place in the group. He admitted to The Paper that it was "not easy" to have such a clean river bank in Pudong New Area. After all, most of the natural rivers in Shanghai still belong to Grade 5 water quality. From this perspective, the task of river bank regulation is "a long way to go".

Han Haibin, deputy director of Shanghai Pudong New Area Environmental Protection and City Appearance Sanitation Administration, revealed in an interview that, on the whole, the surface water quality of Pudong New Area ranks second in the whole city, and Chuanyang River, Zhangjiabang River and heqing town River, which have been vigorously regulated, have begun to reach Class III water quality. The natural rivers in Pudong New Area have reversed from 60% of the original water quality failing to meet the standard to 71.8% of the rivers meeting the requirements of surface water functional zoning in June this year. "After the renovation of Zhangjiabang, the water quality has been greatly improved, showing the great changes of smelly water bang, Qingshui River and landscape river, and it has become the first ecological landscape river in Shanghai. It is estimated that by 2020, there will be more and more rivers like Zhangjiabang and Kaineng Park. "

However, there is still an essential difference between river regulation and swimming in the river. Qu jianguo said, for example, the water quality of Suzhou River has bid farewell to the black smell and reappeared the clean water after vigorous rectification, but the dragon boat race is ok, and swimming in the river is still not up to the requirements. "In addition to the complexity of the river water body and potential safety hazards, whether the water quality of the river source can meet the national drinking water standard is also one of the decisive factors. Only when the water quality in the river reaches the level where rice can be washed and vegetables washed directly as in the past, swimming in the river can be called safe for human health."

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62 patented technologies! ＂local snacks＂ has turned into a pillar industry with rural revitalization characteristics

　　CCTV News:Handmade dough is a local specialty snack in Baoji, Shaanxi Province, with sales exceeding 5.5 billion yuan last year. With the approach of the Spring Festival, the sales of rolled dough are hot, with a daily shipment of 1 million copies. What does a small rolling dough rely on to support such a large capacity? In the interview, the reporter found that there are actually 62 patented technologies behind a small rolled dough.

　　During this time, in the dough-rolling industry gathering area in Jintai District, Baoji, Shaanxi Province, a logistics vehicle is queuing up outside the dough-rolling factory to load. At present, 30,000 orders for rolled dough sent to the United States have just been completed here.

　　The reporter walked into the rolling dough enterprise that was rushing to order and saw that the production line was busy. Sheets of bright rolled dough are produced on the intelligent production line, with an average of more than 200 rolled dough off the assembly line every minute.

　　What the reporter didn’t expect was that such a small rolling dough actually had 62 patented technologies. These patents cover the whole industrial production process of dough, from dough preparation, washing and precipitation, curing and molding to fermented taste. In this rolling dough production enterprise, the person in charge introduced one of the core patented technologies — — Curing technology of rolled dough.

　　Patented technology ensures that the rolled dough "does not change flavor"

　　Patented technology solves the problem of productivity, but can industrial production retain the traditional flavor? How to ensure the taste of rolled dough? Behind this is still the blessing of patented technology.

　　Enterprise technicians told reporters that the core link to determine the taste of rolled dough is fermentation. In the past, the traditional flour paste fermentation was mainly based on experience, and the fermentation time and temperature were unstable. Now, they cooperate with Northwest A&F University, combine the concepts of food engineering and biotechnology, innovate and introduce patented fermentation technology, restore the process and retain the taste.

　　Small handmade noodles drive farmers to increase their income

　　The main raw material of rolling dough is wheat. In the interview, the reporter learned that from wheat planting, harvesting and processing, rolling dough has formed a whole industrial chain and has also become a big industry that drives farmers to increase their income.

　　According to the agreement signed by farmers and enterprises, farmers plant high-quality strong gluten wheat, and agricultural technicians in urban areas provide guidance in important links such as wheat fertilization, watering and pest control to ensure that the quality of wheat meets the requirements of enterprises. At the same time, enterprises buy wheat at a price 10% higher than the market price.

　　Handmade dough industry brings more employment opportunities to farmers

　　Not only provide wheat raw materials, but also villagers can get another income by working in the dough-rolling enterprises in various villages around the dough-rolling industrial park.

　　To eat rolled noodles, you also need oil, pepper, vinegar and other condiments, which in turn drive related industries and increase farmers’ income. Today, from raw material planting, production and processing to consumables packaging and logistics transportation, there are more than 100,000 employees in the whole Baoji dough rolling industry chain.

　　In order to turn Baoji handmade noodles from "local snacks" into a characteristic pillar industry for rural revitalization, Baoji formulated the Implementation Plan for Brand Building of Handmade Noodles, issued the technological process standard for making Handmade Noodles, and applied for registration of geographical indication products of Baoji Handmade Noodles, so as to promote the small noodles to stride forward into a big industry.

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Piloting China ｜ Implementing Healthy China Strategy and Maintaining People’s Health from the Source

On January 22, Liaoning added 2 cases of asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad, both of which were reported by Shenyang.

Notice of the General Office of Tianjin Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the ＂Fourteenth Five-Year Plan＂ of Tianjin’s Scientific and Technological Innovation

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Life and death robbery of new energy vehicles ＂national compensation＂： opportunities, hidden dangers and challenges from survivors one after another

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Henan strives to build 20 standardized wisdom islands throughout the year and incubate 200 competitive and innovative enterprises.

Frequently asked questions about influenza vaccination this winter and next spring, Fujian CDC answers.

A swimming competition was held in a once polluted river in Shanghai, and officials from the Environmental Protection Bureau also took part.

62 patented technologies! ＂local snacks＂ has turned into a pillar industry with rural revitalization characteristics

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