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How to deal with the new mutant strain Omicron? Expert: Vaccination is still an effective means.

  People’s Daily Online, Beijing, 1 December (James Zhou Ding Yixin, intern Liu Mingxi) The World Health Organization recently convened a special evaluation meeting for the Omicron strain of COVID-19 mutant virus that appeared in some countries recently, and listed it as a "mutant strain that needs attention", asking countries to strengthen monitoring and sequencing.

  Why does Omicron "need attention"?

  On November 27th, local time, the research team of Rome Children’s Hospital released the first picture of Omicron strain. The picture shows that compared with the 15 mutations of Delta strain, Omicron strain has more than 30 spike protein mutations on its surface, which are diverse and most of them are located in the interaction area with human cells.

  Comparison of Spike Protein Mutations between Delta Strain and Omicron Strain. Source: Children’s Hospital of Rome, Italy

  "The Omicron strain carries a large number of mutations and spreads quickly." Xu Ke, a professor at the State Key Laboratory of Virology of Wuhan University, told the reporter of People’s Daily Online’s "Strong Observation" column that the new strain is the first time to combine some mutations in other strains. Some data show that the new strain may have caused as many as 90% of new cases in gauteng province, South Africa, and it has spread all over South Africa, which shows that Omicron has certain infection advantages compared with other strains.

  What does this virus mutation mean?

  "Although there are superimposed mutations, whether the new mutant has stronger infectivity and transmission ability needs further experimental research." Xu Ke said that the amino acid polarity of the new mutant was different in the superimposed mutation, so the previous research conclusions could not be directly applied.

  In order to prevent the spread of COVID-19 mutant virus Omicron strain, the United States, Britain, Israel, Japan and other countries and regions have tightened their entry policies and upgraded their prevention and control measures. Should China also adjust its immigration and segregation policies? How should ordinary people respond?

  China CDC responded to the hot issue of Omicron mutant on the 29th. The genome analysis of the mutant showed that its mutation site did not affect the sensitivity and specificity of mainstream nucleic acid detection reagents in China. The Institute of Virology of China CDC has established a specific nucleic acid detection method for Omicron mutant, and continuously carried out virus genome monitoring for possible imported cases.

  According to WHO statistics, as of November 30th, local time, Omicron strain had appeared in 19 countries and regions, but this strain accounted for less than 0.1% of the 839,119 virus gene sequence samples collected in the past 60 days, with only 159 samples. Delta is still the main epidemic strain in the world.

  "Although the Omicron strain carries a lot of mutations, it is still Covid-19." Xu Ke reminded the public that there is no need to panic excessively. As long as the epidemic prevention policy is strictly implemented and personal protection is done, Omicron strains can still be effectively prevented and controlled.

  Does the existing vaccine still work?

  "All the vaccines that have been approved can greatly reduce the severe disease rate and mortality caused by mutant strains, and vaccination is still an effective means to deal with Omicron." Xu Ke said that vaccination makes our body produce neutralizing antibodies, which are "precision guided missiles" against foreign invaders. Even though there are many mutations in Omicron, the basic function of mediating virus invasion remains unchanged, and some of these antibodies can always act on Covid-19 of different mutant strains.

  Before the press release, the reporter was concerned that many vaccine companies in China were paying close attention to the mutant strain, and some of them had started the research and development of new vaccines.

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Global epidemic spread: Iran has 1,234 cases a day, and the United States admits that the virus detection tools are insufficient.

  Overseas network March 7 thThe novel coronavirus epidemic continues to spread all over the world. At present, there are confirmed cases in six continents except Antarctica. The World Health Organization said on the 6th that as of 10: 00 CET on the 6th (17: 00 Beijing time on the 6th), the number of COVID-19 cases outside China reached 17,481. According to WHO data, the number of COVID-19 cases worldwide increased by 2,873 cases from the previous day, reaching 98,192 cases; The number of deaths increased by 99 cases from the previous day to 3380 cases.

  A total of 6,593 cases have been diagnosed in South Korea, and the government can ban the transportation of health protection equipment abroad.

  According to the Central Epidemic Prevention Countermeasures Headquarters of South Korea on the 6th, as of 4: 00pm that day, South Korea added 309 confirmed cases of COVID-19, with a total of 6,593 confirmed cases and 43 deaths.

  On March 6, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea said that the newly revised Regulations on the Implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Management of Infectious Diseases will be promulgated and implemented from now on. Accordingly, when the price of prevention, epidemic prevention and treatment materials is soaring or in short supply due to the epidemic of Class A infectious diseases, which affects national health and safety, the government has the right to prohibit sanitary masks, hand sanitizers and protective equipment from being exported or shipped abroad, and offenders will be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or a fine of not more than 50 million won (about 290,000 yuan).

  Iran has diagnosed 4,747 cases of national holidays in primary, middle and primary schools.

  The Iranian Ministry of Health reported at noon local time on the 6th that in the past day, 1,234 new cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in Iran, with a total of 4,747 confirmed cases and 124 deaths.

  Iran’s national primary and secondary schools were closed until the end of 1398 (March 19, 2020), and the entrance examinations for master’s and doctoral students were postponed; The Ministry of Health asks people not to take advantage of holidays to travel. COVID-19’s self-diagnosis system has been launched by the Iraqi Ministry of Health. People can fill in questionnaires online and provide their mobile phone numbers, and then they will receive short messages about their health status.

  A total of 4,636 cases were diagnosed in Italy, and the government allocated 7.5 billion euros for emergency treatment.

  On the evening of March 6th, local time, the latest data released by the Italian government showed that the number of confirmed cases in novel coronavirus, Italy has increased from 3,858 to 4,636, and the number of deaths has increased from 148 to 197.

  Italian Prime Minister Conte announced on the 5th that the government allocated 7.5 billion euros to support families and enterprises in the country to cope with the emergency caused by the epidemic.

  Japan has confirmed a total of 1,112 cases of prohibited entry to 24 countries and regions.

  According to statistics from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and local governments on the 6th, 55 new cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in Tokyo, Hokkaido and other places on the 6th, with a total of 1,112 confirmed cases. The confirmed cases included 402 infected people in China and Japanese tourists, 696 passengers and crew on the cruise ship Princess Diamond, and 14 people who returned to Japan by chartered flight from the Japanese government. In addition, 12 cases died, 248 cases were cured and discharged, and 60 cases were severe.

  On the 6th, the Japanese government increased the number of countries and regions that are forbidden to enter the country to 24, and the number of countries and regions that are allowed to enter the country but need to be observed in isolation to 58. The Japanese Cabinet has appointed a special minister to promote the revision of relevant bills in COVID-19 to declare a state of emergency.

  A total of 613 cases were diagnosed in France, and public meetings were prohibited in Upper Rhine Province.

  On the evening of March 6th, local time in France, the latest report from the French Ministry of Health indicated that as of that day, 613 cases of COVID-19 had been diagnosed in France, an increase of 190 cases compared with the previous day, of which 39 were seriously ill. In addition, there were 2 new deaths, increasing to 9 cases.

  On the same day, the governor of Upper Rhine Province in France announced that public meetings were banned and public facilities such as swimming pools were closed. Some schools where students participated in religious gatherings were also ordered to close, involving about 40,000 students.

  A total of 260 cases have been diagnosed in the United States, admitting that the current virus detection tools are insufficient.

  According to the real-time data released by Johns Hopkins University in the United States, public health departments in various states in the United States reported 260 cases of COVID-19 infection and 14 cases died.

  On the 5th, the US Senate voted to pass an $8.3 billion budget to deal with the COVID-19 epidemic, which will be sent to President Trump for signature. US Vice President Burns said on the same day that there are not enough Covid-19 detection tools in the United States to meet the growing demand for suspected cases.

  A total of 10 cases have been diagnosed in Russia, and Moscow has raised its alert status.

  The Russian Epidemic Prevention Command said on the 6th that there were 6 new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Russia in the past 24 hours. Among them, 5 cases were reported in Moscow and 1 case was reported in Nizhny Novgorod. All patients were Russian citizens. According to the survey, these six people have been to Italy in the last two weeks.

  According to Russian media reports, there are currently 10 cases of COVID-19 confirmed in Russia, including 7 Russians, 2 Chinese and 1 Italian. Two China citizens have recovered and been discharged. In addition, three infected people who returned to Russia from the "Diamond Princess" cruise ship are still receiving treatment in the hospital.

  Moscow raised its alert status for COVID-19 on the 6th. Sergey sobyanin, the mayor of Moscow, suggested that citizens who had been to the epidemic-prone areas should inform them in time after returning to Russia and isolate themselves for more than 14 days. At present, it is impossible to close all borders.

  Confirmed cases have appeared in other countries.

  In addition to Italy, 639 people were diagnosed in European countries Germany; 387 people were diagnosed in Spain; 163 people were diagnosed in the UK; 210 people were diagnosed in Switzerland and 1 died; 136 people were diagnosed in Sweden; 113 people were diagnosed in Norway; 128 people were diagnosed in the Netherlands; Belgium diagnosed 59 people; Austria diagnosed 55 people; 45 people were diagnosed in Iceland.

  In Asia, except for countries with slightly severe epidemics such as Japan and South Korea, 130 cases were diagnosed in Singapore and 81 cases were cured. 48 cases were diagnosed in Thailand, 28 cases were cured and 1 case died. 83 cases were diagnosed in Malaysia and 22 cases were cured. 58 cases were diagnosed in Kuwait; 56 cases were diagnosed in Bahrain; 16 cases were diagnosed in Vietnam; 31 cases were diagnosed in India and 3 cases were cured; 38 cases were diagnosed in Iraq; 29 cases were diagnosed in UAE; 17 cases were diagnosed in Israel; 16 cases were diagnosed in Oman.

  In Oceania, 61 cases were diagnosed in Australia. In addition, in addition to the above countries, the Vatican, Serbia, Peru and other places have also been confirmed cases.

  (Source: Xinhua News Agency, CCTV, China News Service, People’s Daily, China News Network, Sputnik news agency & radio, Russian News TV, 21st century business herald, press TV, Yonhap News Agency, NHK, etc.)

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Economic data of 15 sub-provincial cities in the first three quarters were released: Shenzhen and Guangzhou led the way.

  Nanjing’s GDP in the first three quarters was released, with a year-on-year increase of 3.3%. Nanjing released WeChat WeChat official account map.

  On November 6th, according to the news of "Nanjing Release" on WeChat WeChat official account, recently, Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and Nanjing Investigation Team of National Bureau of Statistics announced the economic and social development of the whole city in the first three quarters: according to the unified accounting results of the regional GDP of Jiangsu Province, the regional GDP of the whole city in the first three quarters was 1,060.161 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 3.3% at comparable prices. In the first three quarters, the general public budget revenue was 125.797 billion yuan, an increase of 2.5%.

  With the publication of Nanjing’s GDP in the first three quarters, the economic data of the first three quarters of 15 sub-provincial cities in China have been released.

  The 15 sub-provincial cities are Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Jinan, Xi ‘an, Dalian, Changchun, Xiamen, Shenyang, Harbin and Wuhan. Among them, Shenzhen, Ningbo, Qingdao, Dalian and Xiamen are cities under separate state planning, and the rest are provincial capitals.

  According to official statistics:

  According to the Southern+client report, on November 4th, the reporter learned from the Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Statistics that according to the unified accounting results of Guangdong’s regional GDP, the city’s regional GDP in the first three quarters was 1,978.698 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.6%.

  According to the website of Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics, according to the unified accounting results of Guangdong’s regional GDP, in the first three quarters of 2020, the city’s regional GDP was 1,747.586 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1.0%.

  On October 25th, the website of Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Statistics released a message: According to the unified accounting results of city (state) regional GDP, the city achieved a regional GDP of 1,287.65 billion yuan in the first three quarters, a year-on-year increase of 2.6%.

  On October 23, the website of Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics and Hangzhou Social and Economic Investigation Team released a message: According to the unified accounting results of regional GDP, the city’s GDP in the first three quarters was 1,156.7 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2% at comparable prices.

  On October 26th, official website, Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Statistics, reported that according to preliminary accounting, the GDP of Ningbo in the first three quarters was 876.23 billion yuan, up 1.9% year-on-year, up 2.5 percentage points from the first half of the year.

  According to Al Jazeera.com, on October 28th, Qingdao released the report card of economic operation in the first three quarters of this year: According to the unified accounting results of regional GDP, the city’s GDP in the first three quarters was 873.959 billion yuan, up 2.2% year-on-year.

  According to Jinan Daily, on the morning of October 28th, the press conference of Jinan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government was held, and the "report card" of Jinan’s economic and social development in the first three quarters was released. According to the unified accounting results of municipal GDP, the GDP of Jinan in the first three quarters of 2020 was 724.84 billion yuan, up 3.1% year-on-year.

  On October 22nd, WeChat official account’s WeChat "Xi ‘an Statistics" of Xi ‘an Municipal Bureau of Statistics released a message saying that according to the unified accounting results of city (district) GDP, the GDP of Xi ‘an in the first three quarters of 2020 was 707.531 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 4.5% at comparable prices.

  According to a report by dalian tian jian. com on October 27th, according to the preliminary accounting by Liaoning Provincial Bureau of Statistics, the GDP of the whole city reached 503.17 billion yuan in the first three quarters, which was 0.7% lower than that in the first half of the year at comparable prices.

  On October 27th, the website of Changchun Municipal Bureau of Statistics released a message: According to the unified accounting results of regional GDP, the regional GDP of the whole city reached 476.95 billion yuan in the first three quarters, up by 3.1%, up by 1.9 percentage points over the first half of the year.

  According to Southeast Network, on October 22nd, Xiamen held a press conference to inform Xiamen’s economic performance in the first three quarters of 2020. The data shows that from January to September this year, the growth rate of many economic indicators in Xiamen was higher than the average level in Fujian Province. In the first three quarters, the GDP reached 474.136 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1%, an increase of 2.5 percentage points over the first half.

  On October 28th, the website of Shenyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics reported that according to the unified accounting results of regional GDP of Liaoning Province, the regional GDP of Shenyang in the first three quarters reached 463.65 billion yuan, down 1.6% year-on-year at comparable prices.

  On October 30th, the Statistics of Harbin in September 2020 published on the website of Harbin Municipal Government showed that the regional GDP of Harbin from January to September this year reached 343.8 billion yuan, up 4.3% year-on-year.

  As the core area of COVID-19 epidemic at the beginning of this year, Wuhan City also ushered in a strong economic rebound in the third quarter.

  According to Changjiang Daily, on October 27th, the Information Office of Wuhan Municipal People’s Government held a press conference on the city’s economic performance in the first three quarters. According to preliminary accounting, in the first three quarters, the regional GDP of Wuhan City, calculated at comparable prices, decreased by 9.1 percentage points compared with the first half of the year.

  According to the report, Wuhan’s economic aggregate ranking in 19 sub-provincial and above cities can be carried forward compared with the first half of the year. The Changjiang Daily reporter found that Wuhan’s GDP ranked 11th in the country in the first half of the year. Judging from the published GDP of cities in the first three quarters, Wuhan has returned to the top ten in China.

  The "Main Indicators of Wuhan National Economy from January to September 2020" published on the website of Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Statistics on November 3 shows that the regional GDP of Wuhan increased by -10.4% from January to September.

  From the perspective of economic aggregate, the GDP of Shenzhen and Guangzhou in the first three quarters exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan, leading 15 sub-provincial cities; The GDP of Changchun, Xiamen, Shenyang and Harbin in the first three quarters was below 500 billion yuan. From the perspective of GDP growth rate, except Dalian, Shenyang and Wuhan, the GDP growth rate of the other 12 sub-provincial cities in the first three quarters all outperformed the national level of 0.7%.

  Compared with ordinary cities, the advantages of sub-provincial cities are mainly embodied in national economic and social development planning. According to Outlook, the State Council and other competent authorities regard sub-provincial cities as provincial-level planning units, and in terms of national economic and social development planning, the sub-provincial city governments already have the functions and powers equivalent to provincial governments. Therefore, it has more advantages in terms of policies and resources, and the factors are more concentrated and the scale benefits are stronger.

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Close the store, and now the physical supermarket is in trouble?

In the first half of 2016, Wal-Mart closed 10 stores in Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong provinces. Baijia Supermarket closed seven stores in Guangdong and Sichuan. China Academy of Social Sciences also mentioned in the 2016 Blue Book of Circulation released not long ago that the retail giants are facing enormous challenges. In the next five years, one third of the shopping malls in China will close down. Nowadays, the rise of online supermarkets is the strongest impact on physical supermarkets. So, what are the places where online supermarkets attract consumers?

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Banquet also has skills. Nanjing experts teach you "the art of ordering food"

  Recently, @ People’s Daily published a message saying that the People’s Social Welfare Department of Sichuan Province has published 294 professional competence assessments, one of which is Sichuan cuisine. In this regard, some netizens said: "For foodies, ordering food can be verified. Isn’t this card a piece of cake?"

  In modern society, the banquet is no longer a simple meal, there are a lot of knowledge and attention. A proper menu can increase communication between people in private and promote negotiation and cooperation between business partners in public. However, nowadays, most people don’t like to order food. At the dinner table where people gather, who will order food has become a headache.

  Near the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day, family dinners, friends’ gatherings and business receptions will inevitably go to restaurants to order food. Zijinshan reporter interviewed the heads of some old restaurants in Nanjing to tell you about the "art of ordering food" in old Nanjing.

  Why is ordering important? Yuan Mei told the truth more than two hundred years ago.

  Why do Sichuan food orderers need to set up special professional ability assessment? According to relevant media reports, an excellent Sichuan dish ordering staff should not only simply write down the dishes ordered by the guests, but also put forward optimization suggestions for the dishes ordered according to the requirements of different types of guests.

  Zhang Zhijun, deputy general manager of Gunudu Group, told Zijinshan that taste is the core of the banquet, and if it is not properly matched, it will give people a monotonous feeling. If the table is full of salty dishes, it will make people feel dull. However, if a banquet is dominated by five or six spicy dishes, it will be too exciting and even uncomfortable. Therefore, a banquet must have ups and downs, and the flavor configuration should be reasonable.

  In fact, Yuan Mei, a "foodie" in Nanjing, summed up how to order food and how to serve it long ago. Yuan Mei wrote in "Menu with the Garden" (published in 1792): "In the method of serving food, salt should be given first, and light should be given later; The rich should be the first, and the thin should be the last; Those who have no soup should be the first, and those who have soup should be the last. Besides, there are five flavors in the world, so we can’t generalize them blindly. When the guest is full, the spleen is sleepy, so it must be vibrated with spicy; If you worry about drinking too much wine, your stomach will be exhausted, so you must use sour and sweet to remind you. "

  Gourmet Xiong Sizhi explained the scientific principle behind this in "The Mystery of Chinese’s Diet": "People’s stomach capacity is limited, and if there is too much food, the hypothalamus will reflect stomach fullness. A variety of foods with strong flavors continue to stimulate the taste buds, and people’s taste will feel tired, and some dishes are very hot. If the tongue temperature is above 60 C or below 0 C, there will be no taste. "

  Paying attention to skills and choosing a good restaurant is the first step.

  There is an old saying in China: everything is established in advance, and it is abolished if it is not planned. A successful banquet needs careful planning. For example, different nationalities have different eating habits and customs, and different regions have different diets. Even different genders and ages will lead to different eating habits. Therefore, it is particularly important to choose a suitable dining place.

  There are eight major cuisines in China, and many people struggle over where to eat every time. Chen Xiaoqing, the general director of the first and second seasons of China on the Tip of the Tongue, said on the program Round Table School: "It seems that people, this is the most important."

  Nanjing White-collar Small House has been docking with major customers all the year round. She summed up a set of reception standards: ordinary customers go to eat Hunan and Sichuan cuisine, important customers go to eat Cantonese and Shanghai cuisine, and especially important customers eat private cuisine.

  "Some customers haven’t become acquaintances. Take them to eat Sichuan food. You can let down your guard and speak freely under the stimulation of hemp and spicy food. Taking important customers to eat Cantonese cuisine and Shanghai cuisine is to discuss cooperation at dinner. These restaurants are generally suitable for business negotiations. Needless to say, especially important customers, taking them to eat private cuisine means that the relationship is intimate to a certain extent. " Xiaoju explained.

  Yan Zhengyu, general manager of Nanjing Anleyuan Restaurant, believes that Nanjing people choose old-fashioned restaurants for family dinners. Old-fashioned restaurants have memories shared by generations at home, which is convenient for emotional exchange.

  In fact, it is not difficult to order food. Just grasp four principles.

  It is not so easy to become a "master of ordering". Zhang Zhijun, who has worked in Nanjing catering industry for decades, knows the way to order food. He said, "It is not difficult to order food. Knowing yourself and knowing yourself can lead to an invincible battle."

  Whether it’s a business banquet or a gathering of friends, for a more formal banquet, as long as the host has time, he might as well go to the restaurant to book the menu first. This is more polite, saves time, and avoids some embarrassment. After ordering, you can also calculate the cost first, so as to know fairly well. If the total price is found to be too high or too low, it can also be adjusted immediately.

  Zhang Zhijun summarized the following four principles of ordering food:

  Look at the theme. According to the theme, click on the "calculating dishes" with rich meanings. General dinners include family dinners, school banquets and birthday banquets. For example, at the school banquet, you can order a dish called "Carp Jumping at the Dragon Gate".

  Second, look at the composition of personnel. If it is a dinner party for several generations, we should give consideration to the age level and order some dishes that are easy to chew and digest for the elderly and children.

  Third, look at seasonal dishes and seasonal dishes. Nanjing people pay attention to not eating from time to time, eating "seven heads and one brain" in spring, crayfish in summer and eight immortals in autumn; From the festival point of view, Nanjing people will eat five reds on the Dragon Boat Festival, and one of them is roast duck. Eight laurel flowers, you can order salted duck at the dinner before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival. On the New Year’s Eve, Nanjing people must order a whole fish and assorted vegetables, which means that there is more than enough and perfection every year.

  Fourth, look at the signature dishes. Time-honored restaurants in Nanjing all have their own specialty dishes, and many specialty dishes also have celebrity stories. If you serve one or two specialty dishes, you can show the host’s care and respect for the invitees.

  There is another way to save trouble. Zhang Zhijun said, "If time permits, you can wait for most of the guests to arrive and circulate the menu in turn, so that everyone can order one dish or several dishes, which will meet everyone’s needs and will not cause waste." (Zijinshan/Jinling Evening News reporter Yu Yu)

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Announcement of the four departments on the specific operational issues related to the implementation of tax policies to support and promote entrepreneurship and employment of key groups

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office Ministry of Education
Announcement on the implementation of specific operational issues related to tax policies to support and promote entrepreneurship and employment of key groups
State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.10 of 2019

In order to implement the spirit of the Notice of the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Further Supporting and Promoting the Entrepreneurial Employment of Key Groups (Caishui [2019] No.22), the specific operational issues are hereby announced as follows:

I. Tax policies for individual businesses of key groups

(1) Application

1. If the poverty-stricken people who set up a file for self-employment are engaged in self-employment, they will enjoy preferential treatment when filing tax returns with the competent tax authorities.

2. Persons who have been registered as unemployed for more than half a year, zero-employment families, registered unemployed persons who enjoy the working age of urban residents’ minimum living guarantee families, and college graduates within the graduation year can apply for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate (or the Employment and Unemployment Registration Certificate, the same below) and the registration license of individual industrial and commercial households (tax registration certificate is required for those who have not completed the "integration of the two certificates") to start businesses at or above the county level (including the county level, the same below). The human resources and social security departments at or above the county level shall verify whether they have enjoyed preferential tax policies for entrepreneurship and employment of key groups in accordance with the provisions of document No.22 [2019] of Caishui. For those who meet the requirements stipulated in Document No.22 of Caishui [2019], please indicate "tax policy for self-employment" or "tax policy for self-employment in graduation year" on the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate.

(two) the order and amount of tax relief

If key groups are engaged in self-employment, in accordance with the provisions of Article 1 of Caishui [2019] No.22 Document, within the annual tax reduction and exemption limit, the value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax will be deducted in turn. The tax basis of urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge is the value-added tax payable before enjoying this preferential tax policy.

If the actual operating period of a taxpayer is less than one year, the tax reduction or exemption limit shall be converted by the actual number of months. The conversion formula is: tax reduction and exemption limit = annual tax reduction and exemption limit ÷12× actual operating months.

If the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax payable by taxpayers are less than the tax reduction or exemption limit, the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax shall be limited; If the actual payable value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax are greater than the tax reduction or exemption limit, it shall be limited to the tax reduction or exemption limit.

(3) Tax relief management

Persons who have been registered as unemployed for more than half a year, registered unemployed persons from zero-employment families and urban low-income families, and college graduates who enjoy this tax preference during the graduation year, shall keep the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate (marked with "tax policy for starting their own businesses" or "tax policy for starting their own businesses during the graduation year") for future reference, and the poverty-stricken people who have filed a card need not keep information for future reference.

Second, the tax policy for enterprises to recruit key groups

(1) Application

Enterprises that enjoy preferential tax policies for the employment of key groups shall submit applications to the human resources and social security departments at or above the county level with the following materials:

1. "Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate" held by the recruiter (poverty-stricken people who need to file a card do not need to provide it).

2. The labor contract (copy) signed between the enterprise and the key group, and the social insurance record paid by the enterprise for the key group according to law. Where internal information sharing and data comparison are used for auditing, enterprises may no longer be required to provide social insurance payment records.

After receiving the materials submitted by the enterprise, the human resources and social security department at or above the county level shall focus on verifying the following:

1. Whether the hiring personnel belong to the scope of personnel enjoying preferential tax policies, and whether they have enjoyed preferential tax policies for entrepreneurship and employment of key groups before.

2. Whether the enterprise has signed a labor contract with the recruiter for more than one year, and paid social insurance for the recruiter according to law.

After verification, for the key groups holding the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, the "enterprise tax absorption policy" shall be indicated on the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate; The qualified enterprises shall be issued with the "Certificate of Employment Recognition of Enterprises Absorbing Key Groups".

If there is a change in the number of employees, an application for change shall be made to the human resources and social security department.

The enterprises mentioned in this announcement refer to enterprises and other units that belong to VAT taxpayers or enterprise income tax taxpayers.

(two) the order and amount of tax relief

1. Taxpayers shall calculate the total amount of tax reduction and exemption of their units according to the number of key groups they employ and the actual working months, and deduct the value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge in turn every month within the total amount of tax reduction and exemption. The tax basis of urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge is the value-added tax payable before enjoying this preferential tax policy.

If the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge payable by taxpayers are less than the total amount of tax reduction and exemption, they shall be limited to the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge; If the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge are greater than the total amount of tax reduction and exemption, they shall be limited to the total amount of tax reduction and exemption. At the end of the tax year, if the value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and local education surcharge actually reduced or exempted by the taxpayer are less than the total amount of tax reduction or exemption calculated, the taxpayer will deduct the enterprise income tax with the difference when the enterprise income tax is settled. If the deduction is not completed in the current year, it will not be carried forward to the subsequent annual deduction.

Enjoy preferential policies in the same year, key groups of people working less than 1 year, should be converted to the actual number of months of their total tax reduction and exemption.

Total amount of tax reduction and exemption = ∑ Number of working months of each key group personnel in this enterprise this year ÷12× specific quota standard.

2. In the second year and the following year, the new recruits, the original recruits and their working hours shall be implemented according to the above procedures and measures. Calculate that the maximum period for each key group member to enjoy preferential tax policies shall not exceed 36 months.

(3) Tax relief management

Enterprises that employ key groups to enjoy this preferential treatment shall keep the following materials for future reference:

1. Persons who have been registered as unemployed for more than half a year and enjoy preferential tax policies, registered unemployed persons from zero-employment families and urban low-income families, and the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate of college graduates within the graduation year (marked "tax policy for enterprises").

2. The "Certificate of Employment Identification of Enterprises Absorbing Key Groups" issued by the human resources and social security department at or above the county level.

3 "The actual work schedule of key group personnel this year" (see annex).

Three, with the "Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate" to enjoy the above preferential policies, according to the following provisions to apply for the "Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate"

(1) Unemployed persons shall register for unemployment in the public employment service institution of their permanent residence and apply for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate. The public employment service agencies shall indicate the registered unemployed persons of zero-employment families and urban low-income families in their Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificates.

(two) during the graduation year, college graduates apply for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate from the public employment service agency with their student ID cards, or entrust the employment guidance center of the university to apply for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate from the public employment service agency; Within the graduation year, college graduates can apply for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate directly from the public employment service agencies with their graduation certificates.

Fourth, the management of preferential tax policies

(a) strict examination and issuance of various documents. No unit or individual may forge, alter, transfer or lease relevant vouchers, and offenders will be punished according to law; For those who lend or transfer the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, the competent human resources and social security department shall take back the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate and put it on record; For enterprises and individuals that have obtained tax reduction or exemption by the above means, the competent tax authorities should recover the tax that has been reduced or exempted and deal with it according to law.

(two) "Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate" adopts real-name registration system, which is limited to the holder’s own use. Entrepreneurs engaged in self-employed, "Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate" kept by myself; If it is employed by the employer, the certificate shall be kept by the employer during the period of enjoying preferential tax policies. The Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate is unified by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and printed by the human resources and social security departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, as an effective certificate for auditing the employment and unemployment situation of workers and enjoying policies.

(3) The Certificate of Employment Recognition of Enterprises Absorbing Key Groups shall be uniformly printed by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the relevant information shall be provided to the tax authorities by the local human resources and social security departments as required.

(four) at or above the county level human resources and social security, taxation departments and poverty alleviation offices to establish a system of information exchange and investigation of workers’ employment. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has established a nationwide inquiry system for the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, which can be used by human resources and social security, finance and taxation departments at all levels to inquire about the information of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate. The State Council Poverty Alleviation Office has established a unified national poverty alleviation and development information system for poverty alleviation offices at all levels, human resources and social security, finance and taxation departments to inquire about the identity of the poverty-stricken people who have established the card.

(5) If the tax authorities at all levels have doubts about the identity of the poverty-stricken population with the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate or the filing card, they may submit it to the human resources and social security department at the same level and the poverty alleviation office for investigation. The human resources and social security department at the same level and the poverty alleviation office shall stipulate a reasonable working time limit according to the specific circumstances, and inform the tax authorities of the investigation results within the time limit.

V. This announcement shall come into force as of January 1, 2019. The Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Civil Affairs on the Specific Operational Issues Concerning the Continued Implementation of Tax Policies to Support and Promote Entrepreneurship and Employment of Key Groups (State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.27, 2017) shall be abolished at the same time.

It is hereby announced.

Attachment: Actual working schedule of key group personnel this year (sample table)

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office Ministry of Education
February 26, 2019

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After a long absence, the big screen is finally back!

  On July 16th, China Film Bureau issued a notice that cinemas in low-risk areas can resume opening in an orderly manner on July 20th, provided that all epidemic prevention measures are effectively put in place, while cinemas in medium and high-risk areas are temporarily closed. After the news came out, China fans immediately enthusiastically supported the resumption of cinema with practical actions, and pressed the "accelerate" button for the resumption of China’s film industry: on the first day of the resumption of cinema on July 20, the total box office of the national movies reached 3.5 million yuan, which is still growing in recent days. As of 19: 00 on July 23, the national cumulative box office has exceeded 18.85 million yuan. In addition to China, French, British, Singaporean, Malaysian and other countries have successively joined the "cinema resumption tide". Cinemas in various countries have taken a series of special prevention and control measures to ensure the safety of customers: Britain and France readjusted their cinema seating plans to ensure a safe social distance between audiences, and even dispatched the popular "Minions" to accompany you to the movies; South Korea’s CGV company has introduced a new "contactless cinema" model to reduce risks. During the epidemic period, in order to minimize the risk, various ways of watching movies have emerged: Wal-Mart will transform the parking lot into a drive-in cinema on a large scale, and "floating cinemas" have also emerged in Australia and the United States. You can also enjoy movies by boat on the Seine River. How beautiful it is.However, after 178 days of separation, we need to restart the agreement with cinemas step by step. The experience of returning to work and epidemic prevention measures of cinemas in various countries may help us to abide by various epidemic prevention requirements with awe and cherish this rare reunion time.

  site

  Cinemas around the world welcome to return to work.

  The French is happy to buy old movies.

  Singapore’s movie experience is reassuring.

  The attendance rate of Malaysian cinemas is less than one third.

  With the epidemic situation stabilizing and all walks of life gradually returning to work, cinemas in many countries around the world that have been closed for several months have finally welcomed the first audience.

  On May 28th, local time, French Prime Minister Edward Philippe announced in a live TV broadcast that cinemas will reopen all over France on June 22nd. Since mid-March, in order to curb the spread of Covid-19, French cinemas have been closed, but now they can finally open again. In an interview with French 24 Hours, the cinema manager Louis Meyer said, "No words can express my feelings now. We have been waiting for 99 days."

  Although the cinema has reopened, it is unlikely to return to the state before the epidemic immediately. Because Hollywood and other production companies have postponed the release date of important films, there are no new films to be released in the cinema at first, so the audience will have to accept films with old themes like De Gaulle. Charles de Gaulle is a biographical film about French wartime leaders. During the epidemic, the release was interrupted because of the blockade of cinemas. However, Lisa Nesselson, the cultural editor of 24 Hours in France, thinks that this situation will not dampen the French’s enthusiasm for going to the cinema. On June 22nd, she said: "France can be said to have a real advantage in the reopening of cinemas around the world, because 40% of the 6,000 projection rooms in France are from art galleries, which means that the French is very willing to buy old movies."

  France is one of the countries that love movies most in the world. According to a previous poll, 18.7 million people plan to go to the movies after the cinemas return to work, which accounts for almost one third of the total population of France.

  In addition to France, on June 3rd, Singapore Information and Communication Media Development Board also announced that cinemas in Singapore could reopen on July 13th, but cinemas must take necessary preventive measures to control risks related to novel coronavirus. These measures include: readjusting the seats in cinemas, ensuring a safe distance of at least one meter between customers, allowing family members or friends in the same industry to sit together but not more than five people, controlling the number of people in each screening hall to be less than 50, and taking measures such as distancing themselves from queues and other crowd management.

  Although most Singaporeans think that the protection measures for cinemas are very thorough, some people have made other preparations for safety. In an interview with Singapore’s Today newspaper, Ms. Wang said that she would avoid eating in order not to take off her mask. Mr. Kong, the designer, said in an interview that he would choose to go to the cinema on weekdays to avoid the crowd. Another movie lover, Ben Soh, agrees with this view and says that he would prefer to watch movies on weekdays because it is neither crowded nor safer.

  Mr. Ben Soh has just finished watching The Bridge Curse in Singapore Cinema, and he commented that the viewing experience was reassuring because all the safety measures were strictly put in place.

  After more than 100 days of business suspension, cinemas in Malaysia reopened on July 1. Although there is no new film released, many viewers still choose to return to the cinema to watch the movie live to support the box office, and the operators are deeply grateful for this.

  On July 16th, a spokesman for MBO Cinema said in an interview with Malay Post that the selling rate of movie tickets is slowly increasing. In the past two weeks, the average attendance rate was between 15% and 25%. He said: "At present, our strategic plan is to operate at the optimal level first, and then we will recover the indirect expenses of the cinema in the next few months." However, the spokesman also admitted that how to gain the trust of customers under the new normal and how to solve the problem of lack of new movies brought about by the epidemic are severe challenges for them.

  prevent epidemics

  Safety should also be ensured when returning to work.

  Encourage advance booking of popcorn.

  "Minions" will accompany you to the movies.

  Trial operation of "Contactless Cinema"

  Although cinemas all over the world have gradually joined the ranks of returning to work, as a gathering place, cinemas still need to take a series of prevention and control measures to ensure the safety of customers and staff during the special period when the epidemic has not completely ended.

  In Britain, cinemas in England resumed business on July 4th, while the opening dates of Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales were set on July 10th, 15th and 27th respectively.

  The British Film Association has issued corresponding guidelines for this purpose, including:

  ● A certain social distance should be kept between seats, and people from different families should sit separately to limit the number of people in each screening hall;

  ● Stagger the movie playing time, so as to avoid the hall being crowded;

  ● Hand sanitizer and extra cleaning work need to be provided, and employee training should be actively organized;

  ● Encourage people to book online as much as possible, and use electronic tickets and contactless payment;

  ● The sales mode of mixed snack packages will be cancelled, and consumers are encouraged to book popcorn in advance.

  In addition, cinemas will also implement special seat selection schemes. Admit One, which provides ticketing services for ordinary cinemas and multi-hall cinemas, said that when customers book tickets online, the system will automatically generate "bubbles" on the seats around them to maintain a safe social distance. Some cinemas may not allow consumers to choose their own seats, because this may affect the occupancy rate of cinemas.

  Admit One also said that the average width of a seat in a cinema is about 60 cm and the depth is about 97 cm. Therefore, in order to meet the requirement of "2 meters interval between seats", the cinema must leave 12 empty seats around an audience and 16 empty seats around a couple. However, if the social safety distance is 1 meter, cinemas can choose other configuration schemes, but most cinemas can only accommodate customers with about half the seats.

  In France, when going to the cinema, there are no longer "empty" seats around, but those lovely "Minions" dolls. In 2015, these yellow drug-shaped toy figures first appeared in front of the French in the cartoon "Minions" shown in MK2 cinema in the south of Paris. This year, "Minions" wore iconic goggles and work clothes, solemnly "sat" next to the audience, forcing them to leave a safe distance. Cinema trips are not the first time that "Minions" people have been recruited to protect the safety of the audience. They have also appeared in the short public service advertisements jointly launched by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Foundation and lighting and entertainment companies, vividly sharing with the world how to protect each other and protect the community in this epidemic.

  Nowadays, chain cinemas in South Korea are also "racking their brains" to plan new plans, hoping to make fans come back to the cinema more comfortably and safely. CJ-CGV, the largest cinema in South Korea, has launched a "contactless cinema" mode in a sub-cinema in Seoul, where popcorn, hot dogs and soft drinks are moved into vending machines, while other snacks are placed in the sales office and delivered through contactless boxes. Two roving robots have replaced the ticket sellers, and you can know the movie screening time and other cinema information through the touch screen on the robots.

  "This is more hygienic than face-to-face communication, customers will feel safer, and this way is more interesting and cool." Li Seung-soo, an employee of CGV, told VOA. He also said that before the COVID-19 epidemic forced enterprises to take social or physical isolation measures, CGV Company was already considering introducing some automation facilities for cinemas, and the urgency of epidemic prevention eventually led to the emergence of the "contactless cinema" model. In addition, CGV cinemas will regularly disinfect the cinema facilities and leave enough safe space between the audience.

  "This contactless cinema mode of the branch is still in the testing stage." Li Shengzhu added, "According to the progress of this project, we will decide whether to introduce this kind of service in other theaters."

  Coup

  There are many fancy movie theaters.

  Drive-in theaters are sought after again.

  Floating cinema has a unique style.

  Romantic viewing on the Seine River

  In addition to watching movies in cinemas and at home, the epidemic has also spawned a variety of ways to watch movies, and the back-favored drive-in cinema is one of them.

  Drive-in cinema is a special form of cinema, which consists of a large outdoor movie screen, a projector, a snack bar and a parking lot. Fans can watch the big screen in their car and listen to the movie sound on the car radio. During the epidemic period, drive-in cinemas rose again all over the world because of their unique advantages such as privacy and security. According to the latest data from measurement company Comscore, the number of drive-in cinemas in Britain has soared from 3 to 40.

  In the United States, as part of its cooperation with Tribeca enterprises, Wal-Mart will turn its 160 parking lots into contactless drive-in cinemas from August, which will increase the total number of drive-in cinemas in the United States by at least 50%. "Since we held the Tribeca Film Festival 19 years ago, the drive-in cinema has been a landmark project in Tribeca." Jane Rosenthal, founder of Tribeca Enterprise, said in a statement, "Tribeca drive-in cinema is not only an interesting and nostalgic way to watch movies, but also one of the safest ways for people to gather. We are very happy to cooperate with Wal-Mart to bring more people together and share this special movie-watching experience. "

  The drive-in cinema will last until October this year, covering a total of 320 movies. The specific list of movies to be shown is yet to be determined, but Wal-Mart said that movies suitable for families and "special appearances of filmmakers and other celebrities" will be included.

  Wal-Mart is not the only company that has converted its parking lot into a cinema. The Marcus chain cinema in the midwest of the United States has also launched a drive-in cinema project this year, and has formulated a series of epidemic prevention measures to ensure the safety of the audience. The cinema emphasizes that sick people should stay at home, and customers who choose to watch movies should also wear masks in the cinema lounge or when collecting coupons.

  If you think it’s a little depressing to watch movies in such an airtight car, you might as well try to get some fresh air on the boat.

  Beyond Cinema, headquartered in Sydney, will set up water cinemas in many cities in Australia and the United States, so that the audience can enjoy the scenery while watching movies.

  "The cinema will consist of 12 to 24 mini-boats, each of which can accommodate up to 8 people." Beyond Cinema official website’s registration page shows, "You will need to pay the ticket price of the whole boat to ensure that only family and friends can sit together, thus maintaining the social distance between the boats."

  New york’s water viewing time is scheduled for one week from September 16th to September 20th this year. The specific movie playlist has not yet been announced, but officials say both classic old movies and new movies will be covered.

  Beyond Cinema is not the only organizer of "Floating Cinema" — — On the banks of the Seine in France, the "Paris Beach Festival" also held a grand water viewing ceremony.

  The "Paris Beach Festival" is an activity held in France every summer. During the event, some areas along the banks of the Seine will be paved with sand to form artificial beaches, providing Parisians with a place to relax.

  This year, Paris cooperated with MK2 Cinema to hold a water viewing celebration. On July 18th, the audience can choose to watch the French comedy "The Grand Bath" on an electric boat or on a chair on the river bank. Elisha Karmitz, CEO of MK2 Cinema, said in an interview with Euronews: "After several months of city blockade, we think we should find a suitable way to tell people and the world that the cinema has reopened in Paris, the movie capital of the world."

  industry

  The way to survive after the epidemic

  Although the reopening of cinemas paved the way for the release of new films, and the fancy viewing mode also provided new ideas for the development of the industry, we still can’t ignore the heavy blow suffered by the film industry during the epidemic.

  On March 4th, 007 official Twitter announced that the series "007: No Time to Die" originally scheduled for release in April will be postponed to its premiere in November, which is the first Hollywood film in North America to be postponed due to the epidemic. Changing the release date is undoubtedly a huge loss for the film, which means that huge publicity expenses have hit Shui Piao, which is like the first stone thrown into the water, causing ripples in the film circle. On April 4th, Mulan announced that the release date of the film would be postponed from March 27th to July 24th, while Tenet, which was originally scheduled to be released in July, was also postponed to August due to the epidemic, and this date was postponed again recently.

  According to the Guardian, director Nick Rowland’s first film "Rest on a Horse" was originally scheduled to be released on March 27th, but as the release date approached, he felt more and more anxious. "Around January and February, I noticed the news that the COVID-19 epidemic began to spread in Europe. I suddenly realized that when" Leaning on a Horse "was released, it happened to be the most serious moment of the London epidemic. What would you do in this case? I’m ambivalent, but it’s too late to postpone the release now, so we have to promote it. But at the same time, we have to advise our family and friends to stay at home and watch movies instead of going to the cinema. It took me six years to shoot this film, but I only got a few days to show it, which is really unacceptable. "

  On June 19th, the British Film Association and the Film Publishers Association organized a film industry recovery plan called "Restarting Cinema: Content Recovery" through the cross-industry group "Cinema First", and created a huge film library of 450 films including Hollywood classics, independent films and modern blockbusters to help cinemas recover quickly after several months of suspension. Andy Leyshon, CEO of the British Film Distribution Association, said: "We value you, we miss you, and this time we support you with some really great movies."

  Film production around the world is still in a state of stagnation, and films such as Avatar sequel and Jurassic World: Sanctuary The Matrix 4 have been forced to suspend production due to the epidemic. According to the data of statista information platform, as of mid-March 2020, the revenue loss of the global film industry has reached 7 billion US dollars, and it is estimated that this figure is likely to increase by another 10 billion US dollars in April and May.

  In order to alleviate the pressure brought by the cancellation of the premiere, the closure of cinemas and the sharp drop in box office, film companies are constantly seeking new profit growth points, and the streaming media platform has become their target. Disney+is a streaming media service platform launched by Disney. During the period from February to May this year, the number of subscribers of the platform has doubled to more than 50 million. Trolls World Tour, the new film of Universal Pictures, directly crossed the cinema and implemented the online on-demand mode. In the first three weeks of its release, it achieved nearly $100 million in revenue, exceeding the income generated by the first film "Magic Hair Wizard" in the cinema for five months. Moreover, the film company will get a higher percentage of revenue rebate if it chooses to release online, which is about 80%, while the cinema release is only 60%.

  Italy’s Circuito Cinema combines online and offline broadcasting, and launched a transactional video-on-demand platform plan called MioCinema on May 18th. On this platform, viewers can pay 7 euros to watch a movie online, and 40% of each online payment can be used to buy movie tickets for cinemas that are still closed. But when the epidemic is stable and everything returns to normal, the cinema and streaming media will be separated again.

  Although the online platform seems to provide a virtual space where movies can be played permanently, various video websites, the projection of the living room at home, and the computer screen that can be fast-forwarded at any time can’t replace the touching silver screen. Many fans are still eagerly looking forward to returning to the cinema and completely immersing themselves in the beautiful light and shadow outside ordinary life in the "dark" space. Richard Linklater, an American producer, said in an interview in The New York Times: "This is a common dream, starting with filmmakers and ending with the audience, in a space that is now regarded as more fragile, where we all agree to get together quietly."

  Before a cinema in San Francisco closed down, it left a message on the sign at the door, "Keep healthy and safe, and then we will come back soon."

  This is also the deep expectation of all people who love movies. This edition/Zhangyuan

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Strategic analysis and enlightenment of ExxonMobil’s biochemical business development

  Fu kai mei Xue Jing China petroleum & petrochemical research institute

  At present, global petroleum and petrochemical companies are accelerating the pace of low-carbon transformation, and biochemistry has become one of the key areas of common concern for all companies. ExxonMobil, as the world’s leading integrated upstream and downstream oil company, has advantages in resources, technology, market and other aspects. Many years ago, ExxonMobil took biochemistry as a part of its business layout and achieved certain results.

  Development course of biochemical business

  According to different business positioning and development priorities, the development of ExxonMobil’s biochemical business can be roughly divided into two stages.

  The first stage (2009— 2016): Forward-looking layout. Exxonmobil believes that microalgae is a more potential raw material for producing biofuels in the future compared with corn and straw, so it takes the third generation biofuel based on microalgae as the entry point for the company to enter the biochemical field, and invests a lot of money in key layout. In 2009, ExxonMobil invested $600 million to develop microalgae biofuels in cooperation with the biotechnology company Synthetic Genomics. In 2015, we invested USD 1 million to cooperate with Michigan State University to improve the production efficiency of algae oil and microalgae products. In addition, we also cooperated with Colorado University of Mining and Technology to conduct basic research on algae photosynthesis and carbon sequestration.

  The second stage (2016-present): strategic adjustment. After more than 10 years of exploration in the field of microalgae biofuels, ExxonMobil believes that this technology is still far from industrialization (it will only be competitive when the price of crude oil reaches 500 US dollars/barrel), and then its layout will focus on the second generation biofuels with agricultural and forestry wastes and waste oils as raw materials. The company has stopped investing in the microalgae project of Colorado University of Mining and Technology and the biotechnology company Viridos (formerly known as Synthetic Genomics). At the same time, cooperate with REG, a renewable energy group, to study the production of biodiesel from agricultural wastes; Cooperate with Colijn Company to expand raw materials to different kinds of cellulose; Acquisition of a 49.9% stake in Biojet, a Norwegian biofuel company, to enhance the supply capacity of biofuels.

  Strategic analysis of biochemical business development

  Since 2009, although the development of global liquid biofuels once fell into a trough, ExxonMobil has kept its biofuel business in several business restructurings, and explored the technology of making biofuels and biochemicals from different biomass raw materials. Its development strategy has the following three characteristics.

  First, relying on its own development orientation and advanced layout, biofuel technology is taken as the breakthrough point of biochemical business layout. Because the fuel business is the absolute advantage of ExxonMobil, it chose to start from this field when laying out its biochemical business, and turned its eyes to microalgae with more potential in the future to become a leader in this field. Recently, although the focus of ExxonMobil’s layout has shifted, it is still based on the fuel field, and its target is mainly the second-generation biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel with supply gap in the current market. In terms of technical route, it has developed the second generation biodiesel production process based on cellulose biological enzyme conversion, which has been successfully applied to automobiles and heavy trucks; The pretreatment of forest waste based on traditional chemical transformation — Gasification — Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process can produce the second generation biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel. In addition to cooperative development, ExxonMobil also increased the supply of low-carbon fuel through mergers and acquisitions of mature enterprises and procurement.

  Second, based on the breakthrough in biofuel production, it gradually expanded to the research and exploration of raw materials and products. On the one hand, ExxonMobil continues to expand the range of raw materials and explore the feasibility of vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, alcohol and carbon dioxide as sustainable raw materials. For example, converting biomass and waste into renewable methanol to produce sustainable aviation fuel; Convert the captured carbon dioxide into sustainable aviation fuel. On the other hand, we will expand product varieties and develop bio-based lubricant base oil and other products besides biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel. For example, we cooperated with the University of Wisconsin to carry out a joint research project on biomass upgrading technology to increase the added value of bio-based products through further reaction.

  The third is to take rapid breakthrough as the development goal and adopt different R&D models based on its own R&D foundation. ExxonMobil’s bio-fuel technology route is mainly divided into two categories: one is bio-refining technology route based on traditional refining, and the other is industrial biotechnology route based on fermentation and enzyme catalysis. For the former, ExxonMobil has accumulated profound research, focusing on independent research and development. Aiming at the utilization of biomass raw materials such as vegetable oil and restaurant waste oil, it developed proprietary technology EMRD^TM and dewaxing catalyst BIDW^TM. By hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization of triglycerides, the second generation biodiesel (or sustainable aviation fuel) was obtained, and the product had good low-temperature fluidity. For industrial biotechnology, ExxonMobil mainly develops through cooperation with mature companies and universities. For example, we cooperated with REG and Colijn Company to produce biodiesel from renewable cellulose sugar from fermented agricultural wastes, so as to improve the conversion rate and biodiesel yield.

  Suggestions to China’s petroleum and petrochemical companies

  In May, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Tenth Five-Year Plan for Bio-economic Development", which put forward the objectives of bio-economic development and defined four key development areas, including the substitute application of biomass, and pressed the acceleration button for the development of biochemical industry. By analyzing the development experience of ExxonMobil, the following three suggestions are put forward for the development of biochemical business of China’s petrochemical companies.

  First, seize the opportunity of the times, coordinate the overall layout of the company’s business, and do a good job in top-level design. China’s petroleum and petrochemical companies should seize the opportunity period of bio-economy, base on the company’s goal of low-carbon development and energy transformation, and combine their own development characteristics and foundations to select and focus on appropriate biochemical business segments, such as biofuels or bio-based chemicals. Coordinate and optimize the overall layout of biochemical business and its existing business, do a good job in top-level design and formulate practical implementation paths, give full play to the advantages of biochemical technology such as negative carbon attributes, high reaction efficiency and reduced dependence on crude oil, and help the company to transform into a green and low-carbon company.

  Second, in the early stage of new business development, expand open cooperation and technology introduction to seize market opportunities. For China’s petrochemical enterprises, compared with the traditional refining and chemical business, the biochemical business is relatively new. When entering a new field, we can refer to ExxonMobil’s development strategy, speed up technological breakthrough by cooperating with leading enterprises in the industry or introducing technology, realize the large-scale application of key biochemical technologies as soon as possible, and seize market opportunities. For example, relying on the company’s existing technology and equipment, biomass oil products with relatively stable quantity and properties can be obtained through cooperation with biomass oil producers to replace part of crude oil and produce biofuels and bio-based chemicals with mixed feed.

  Third, when the business development enters a mature stage, strengthen the forward-looking technology reserve and create a competitive advantage. At present, global scientific and technological innovation has entered an unprecedented intensive active period, and new technologies such as synthetic biology and gene editing are reconstructing the competitive pattern of various industries. With the biochemical business of China’s petrochemical companies on the right track, it is suggested that they closely follow the development trend of scientific and technological innovation in the field, rely on the company’s existing technological innovation system, focus on the bottleneck and demand of industrial development, start with basic research, develop forward-looking technology and subversive technology reserves, and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights of related technologies to create new competitive advantages in the biochemical field.

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Star Road once again exerts its strength, and the safety of science and technology makes people worry-free about driving and controlling.

As a compact suv, there are many highlights. Let’s take a look at it together.

Let’s look at the appearance of Starway Chasing the Wind first. The front face of Starway Chasing the Wind gives people a very deep feeling, and it is equipped with multiple grilles, which makes people unforgettable. Coupled with the fashionable headlights, the overall look is very simple. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, delayed shutdown and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the body size of the car is 4538 mm * 1848 mm * 1699 mm. The car adopts stable and atmospheric lines, and the side looks very round and lovely. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very dynamic and lively feeling. In the design of the rear end, the overall shape of the rear end of Xingtu Chasing Wind echoes the front face, and the taillights give people a very avant-garde personality feeling. The exhaust pipe uses the design of bilateral double outlet, which is relatively capable in general.

Sitting in the car, the interior looks very angular and easy to impress the hearts of young consumers. The shape of the steering wheel of the car is eye-catching, equipped with the functions of manual steering wheel up and down+front and rear adjustment, and the shape is very fighting. Let’s take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior design quite layered and meets the aesthetic standards of most consumers. The dashboard and seats are equally eye-catching. The dashboard of the car presents a streamlined design style and looks very cold. The car adopts imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick, and the overall comfort is acceptable.

Star-way wind-chasing matched CVT gearbox, with maximum power of 115KW and maximum torque of 230N.m, has good power performance.

The conventional space performance of the trunk chasing the wind on the way to the star is quite satisfactory, and there is no problem in daily use. In addition, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), main driver airbag, co-pilot airbag, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

The car introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience. If you just need such a travel tool, you may wish to experience it quickly.

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Shield tunneling started in Jintang subsea tunnel of Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway.


Original title: Shield tunneling started in Jintang subsea tunnel of Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway.

On May 16th, technicians of China Railway 14th Bureau worked in the shield machine of "Yongzhou" in Jintang subsea tunnel of Yongzhou Railway.

On the same day, two super-large diameter shield machines simultaneously turned the cutter heads at both ends of the newly-built Jintang subsea tunnel on Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway (Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway), marking the official opening of the longest subsea high-speed rail tunnel in China.

Jintang subsea tunnel starts from Beilun District, Ningbo City in the west and ends in Jintang Town, Zhoushan City in the east, with a total length of 16.18 kilometers, of which the shield section is 11.21 kilometers, crossing Jintang Waterway, which is a control project for the whole line of Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway.

The Yongzhou Railway starts from Ningbo East Station in the west and ends at Bai Quan Town in Dinghai District in the east, with 7 stations, with a total length of about 76.4 kilometers and a design speed of 250 kilometers per hour. After the project is completed, it will end the history that Zhoushan Islands is closed to railways, which is of great significance for improving the layout of railway network and promoting the integration and urbanization of Ningbo Zhoushan.

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photopagebreak

The shield launching shaft on Zhoushan side of Jintang subsea tunnel of Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway, which was photographed on May 16th, is equipped with a shield machine "Dinghai" (photo of UAV). According to reports, the tunnel was excavated by China Railway 14th Bureau and China Railway 11th Bureau with two shield machines, namely "Yong Zhou" and "Dinghai".

(Photo courtesy of China Railway Eleventh Bureau)pagebreak

On May 16th, the shield machine of "Yong Zhou" was shot at the starting shaft of Ningbo side shield of Jintang subsea tunnel of Yong Zhou Railway. According to reports, the tunnel was excavated by China Railway 14th Bureau and China Railway 11th Bureau with two shield machines, namely "Yong Zhou" and "Dinghai".

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photopagebreak

On May 16th, the shield machine "Yong Zhou" of China Railway 14th Bureau was photographed in the shield launching shaft at Ningbo side of Jintang subsea tunnel on Yong Zhou Railway.

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photopagebreak

On May 16th, the "Dinghai" shield machine was shot at the starting shaft of Zhoushan side shield of Jintang subsea tunnel on Ningbo-Zhoushan Railway. According to reports, the tunnel was excavated by China Railway 14th Bureau and China Railway 11th Bureau with two shield machines, namely "Yong Zhou" and "Dinghai".

(Photo courtesy of China Railway Eleventh Bureau)pagebreak

On May 16th, technicians of China Railway 14th Bureau operated segment hoisting equipment in Jintang subsea tunnel of Yongzhou Railway.

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photopagebreak

On May 16th, technicians from the 14th Bureau of China Railway were working in the operation room of the shield machine "Yong Zhou" in Jintang subsea tunnel of Yong Zhou Railway.

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photopagebreak

On May 16th, the scene of the launching activity of the "Yongzhou" shield machine was filmed at the Ningbo side of Jintang subsea tunnel of Yongzhou Railway.

Reporter Huang Zongzhi photo